如何获取与某个单词相关的相似单词？

我正在尝试解决一个 nlp 问题，其中我有一个单词字典，例如：

list_1={'phone':'android','chair':'netflit','charger':'macbook','laptop','sony'}

现在，如果输入是 'phone' 我可以轻松地使用 'in' 运算符通过按键获取电话及其数据的描述，但问题是输入是否类似于 'phones' 或 'Phones' 。

我想如果我输入“电话”然后我会得到这样的词

'phone' ==> 'Phones','phones','Phone','Phone's','phone's' 

我不知道我可以使用哪个 word2vec 以及哪个 nlp 模块可以提供这样的解决方案。

第二个问题是，如果我给出一个词“狗”，我可以得到“小狗”、“基蒂”、“狗”、“狗”等词吗？

我尝试过类似的方法，但它给出了同义词：

from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
for ss in wn.synsets('phone'): # Each synset represents a diff concept.
    print(ss)

但它返回：

Synset('telephone.n.01')
Synset('phone.n.02')
Synset('earphone.n.01')
Synset('call.v.03')

相反，我想要：

'phone' ==> 'Phones','phones','Phone','Phone's','phone's' 

WordNet 索引概念（又名Synsets）不是言语。

Use lemma_names()访问词根（又名Lemma）在WordNet中。

>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>> for ss in wn.synsets('phone'): # Each synset represents a diff concept.
...     print(ss.lemma_names())
... 
['telephone', 'phone', 'telephone_set']
['phone', 'speech_sound', 'sound']
['earphone', 'earpiece', 'headphone', 'phone']
['call', 'telephone', 'call_up', 'phone', 'ring']

引理作为根形式或单词不应该有额外的词缀，因此您不会找到您在所需单词列表中列出的单词的复数或不同形式。

也可以看看：

• https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemma_(语言学) https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemma_(linguistics)
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordNet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordNet
• python 中单词的所有同义词？ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19348973/all-synonyms-for-word-in-python

此外，单词是不明确的，可能需要通过上下文或我的词性 (POS) 来消除歧义，然后才能获得“相似”单词，例如，您看到动词含义中的“phone”与“phone”的含义并不完全相同电话如“名词”中所示。

>>> for ss in wn.synsets('phone'): # Each synset represents a diff concept.
...     print(ss.lemma_names(), '\t', ss.definition())
... 
['telephone', 'phone', 'telephone_set']      electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds
['phone', 'speech_sound', 'sound']   (phonetics) an individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language
['earphone', 'earpiece', 'headphone', 'phone']   electro-acoustic transducer for converting electric signals into sounds; it is held over or inserted into the ear
['call', 'telephone', 'call_up', 'phone', 'ring']    get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone