我之前的答案现在已经过时了。截至 2015 年 2 月,CUDA 7(当前为候选版本)在其 cuSOLVER 库中提供了完整的 SVD 功能。下面,我提供了一个使用 CUDA cuSOLVER 生成奇异值分解的示例。
关于您提出的具体问题(计算几个小尺寸矩阵的 SVD),您应该使用流来调整我在下面提供的示例。要将流与每个任务关联,您可以使用
cudaStreamCreate()
and
cusolverDnSetStream()
内核.cu
#include "cuda_runtime.h"
#include "device_launch_parameters.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<math.h>
#include <cusolverDn.h>
#include <cuda_runtime_api.h>
#include "Utilities.cuh"
/********/
/* MAIN */
/********/
int main(){
// --- gesvd only supports Nrows >= Ncols
// --- column major memory ordering
const int Nrows = 7;
const int Ncols = 5;
// --- cuSOLVE input/output parameters/arrays
int work_size = 0;
int *devInfo; gpuErrchk(cudaMalloc(&devInfo, sizeof(int)));
// --- CUDA solver initialization
cusolverDnHandle_t solver_handle;
cusolverDnCreate(&solver_handle);
// --- Setting the host, Nrows x Ncols matrix
double *h_A = (double *)malloc(Nrows * Ncols * sizeof(double));
for(int j = 0; j < Nrows; j++)
for(int i = 0; i < Ncols; i++)
h_A[j + i*Nrows] = (i + j*j) * sqrt((double)(i + j));
// --- Setting the device matrix and moving the host matrix to the device
double *d_A; gpuErrchk(cudaMalloc(&d_A, Nrows * Ncols * sizeof(double)));
gpuErrchk(cudaMemcpy(d_A, h_A, Nrows * Ncols * sizeof(double), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
// --- host side SVD results space
double *h_U = (double *)malloc(Nrows * Nrows * sizeof(double));
double *h_V = (double *)malloc(Ncols * Ncols * sizeof(double));
double *h_S = (double *)malloc(min(Nrows, Ncols) * sizeof(double));
// --- device side SVD workspace and matrices
double *d_U; gpuErrchk(cudaMalloc(&d_U, Nrows * Nrows * sizeof(double)));
double *d_V; gpuErrchk(cudaMalloc(&d_V, Ncols * Ncols * sizeof(double)));
double *d_S; gpuErrchk(cudaMalloc(&d_S, min(Nrows, Ncols) * sizeof(double)));
// --- CUDA SVD initialization
cusolveSafeCall(cusolverDnDgesvd_bufferSize(solver_handle, Nrows, Ncols, &work_size));
double *work; gpuErrchk(cudaMalloc(&work, work_size * sizeof(double)));
// --- CUDA SVD execution
cusolveSafeCall(cusolverDnDgesvd(solver_handle, 'A', 'A', Nrows, Ncols, d_A, Nrows, d_S, d_U, Nrows, d_V, Ncols, work, work_size, NULL, devInfo));
int devInfo_h = 0; gpuErrchk(cudaMemcpy(&devInfo_h, devInfo, sizeof(int), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
if (devInfo_h != 0) std::cout << "Unsuccessful SVD execution\n\n";
// --- Moving the results from device to host
gpuErrchk(cudaMemcpy(h_S, d_S, min(Nrows, Ncols) * sizeof(double), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
gpuErrchk(cudaMemcpy(h_U, d_U, Nrows * Nrows * sizeof(double), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
gpuErrchk(cudaMemcpy(h_V, d_V, Ncols * Ncols * sizeof(double), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
std::cout << "Singular values\n";
for(int i = 0; i < min(Nrows, Ncols); i++)
std::cout << "d_S["<<i<<"] = " << std::setprecision(15) << h_S[i] << std::endl;
std::cout << "\nLeft singular vectors - For y = A * x, the columns of U span the space of y\n";
for(int j = 0; j < Nrows; j++) {
printf("\n");
for(int i = 0; i < Nrows; i++)
printf("U[%i,%i]=%f\n",i,j,h_U[j*Nrows + i]);
}
std::cout << "\nRight singular vectors - For y = A * x, the columns of V span the space of x\n";
for(int i = 0; i < Ncols; i++) {
printf("\n");
for(int j = 0; j < Ncols; j++)
printf("V[%i,%i]=%f\n",i,j,h_V[j*Ncols + i]);
}
cusolverDnDestroy(solver_handle);
return 0;
}
实用程序.cuh
#ifndef UTILITIES_CUH
#define UTILITIES_CUH
extern "C" int iDivUp(int, int);
extern "C" void gpuErrchk(cudaError_t);
extern "C" void cusolveSafeCall(cusolverStatus_t);
#endif
实用程序.cu
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "cuda_runtime.h"
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cusolverDn.h>
/*******************/
/* iDivUp FUNCTION */
/*******************/
extern "C" int iDivUp(int a, int b){ return ((a % b) != 0) ? (a / b + 1) : (a / b); }
/********************/
/* CUDA ERROR CHECK */
/********************/
// --- Credit to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14038589/what-is-the-canonical-way-to-check-for-errors-using-the-cuda-runtime-api
void gpuAssert(cudaError_t code, char *file, int line, bool abort=true)
{
if (code != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr,"GPUassert: %s %s %d\n", cudaGetErrorString(code), file, line);
if (abort) { exit(code); }
}
}
extern "C" void gpuErrchk(cudaError_t ans) { gpuAssert((ans), __FILE__, __LINE__); }
/**************************/
/* CUSOLVE ERROR CHECKING */
/**************************/
static const char *_cudaGetErrorEnum(cusolverStatus_t error)
{
switch (error)
{
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_SUCCESS:
return "CUSOLVER_SUCCESS";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_ALLOC_FAILED:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_ALLOC_FAILED";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_INVALID_VALUE:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_INVALID_VALUE";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_ARCH_MISMATCH:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_ARCH_MISMATCH";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_EXECUTION_FAILED:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_EXECUTION_FAILED";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR";
case CUSOLVER_STATUS_MATRIX_TYPE_NOT_SUPPORTED:
return "CUSOLVER_STATUS_MATRIX_TYPE_NOT_SUPPORTED";
}
return "<unknown>";
}
inline void __cusolveSafeCall(cusolverStatus_t err, const char *file, const int line)
{
if(CUSOLVER_STATUS_SUCCESS != err) {
fprintf(stderr, "CUSOLVE error in file '%s', line %d\n %s\nerror %d: %s\nterminating!\n",__FILE__, __LINE__,err, \
_cudaGetErrorEnum(err)); \
cudaDeviceReset(); assert(0); \
}
}
extern "C" void cusolveSafeCall(cusolverStatus_t err) { __cusolveSafeCall(err, __FILE__, __LINE__); }