目录
硬件环境要求：CPU 2核 Memory 2G
软件环境要求：CentOS Linux release 8.3.2011
三台机器：
IP：192.168.10.188 主机名：master
IP：192.168.10.189 主机名：node1
IP：192.168.10.190 主机名：node2
三台服务器都要进行以下操作，所以主机名用localhost代替
#解决依赖关系
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y yum-utils zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make psmisc lsof net-tools vim python3
#临时关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
#设置开机关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
#临时关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
#永久关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled #将SELINUX设置成disabled安装docker
#卸载旧版本
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove docker \
> docker-client \
> docker-client-latest \
> docker-common \
> docker-latest \
> docker-latest-logrotate \
> docker-logrotate \
> docker-engine
#安装yum-utils软件包（提供yum-config-manager应用程序）
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y yum-utils
#配置加速源
[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager \
> --add-repo \
> http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
#安装docker，设置开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker#配置docker使用systemd作为默认Cgroup驱动
[root@localhost ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/docker/daemon.json
> {
> "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
> }
> EOF
#重启docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
#关闭swap分区
#临时关闭
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff -a
#永久关闭
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
#重新命名主机
hostnamectl set-hostname master
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
hostnamectl set-hostname node2
使用 su - root 切换用户重新登陆
#每台机器上修改/etc/hosts文件
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.0.188 master
192.168.0.189 node1
192.168.0.190 node2
EOF每台服务器上都要安装
#添加kubernetes YUM软件源
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
> [kubernetes]
> name=Kubernetes
> baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
> enabled=1
> gpgcheck=0
> repo_gpgcheck=0
> gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
> EOF
#安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
#设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable kubelet#提前准备coredns:1.8.4的镜像，后面需要使用,需要在每台机器上下载镜像
[root@master ~]# docker pull coredns/coredns:1.8.4
[root@master ~]# docker tag coredns/coredns:1.8.4 registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.4
#初始化操作在master服务器上执行
[root@master ~]# kubeadm init \
> --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.10.188 \
> --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
> --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 \
> --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
...
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.10.188:6443 --token l9posz.ca7citx3ig5vpsqg \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7229c76950a7b82f64ff14a72c3ef81bad0f8f02c553861ff63f48b2904dd55e
[root@master ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@master ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@master ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
#在master服务器上执行
[root@node1 ~]# cat kube-flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unused in CaaSP
rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
hostNetwork: true
priorityClassName: system-node-critical
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
#部署flannel
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
#查看是否部署成功
[root@master ~]# ps aux|grep flannel
root 14365 0.2 2.0 1339652 36952 ? Ssl 9月06 0:11 /opt/bin/flanneld --ip-masq --kube-subnet-mgr
root 45591 0.0 0.0 12344 1148 pts/0 S+ 00:17 0:00 grep --color=auto flannel
[root@node1 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.10.188:6443 --token l9posz.ca7citx3ig5vpsqg \
> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7229c76950a7b82f64ff14a72c3ef81bad0f8f02c553861ff63f48b2904dd55e
[root@node2 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.10.188:6443 --token l9posz.ca7citx3ig5vpsqg \
> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7229c76950a7b82f64ff14a72c3ef81bad0f8f02c553861ff63f48b2904dd55e
This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
#等待节点准备完毕，需要等待几分钟
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master Ready control-plane,master 63m v1.22.1
node1 Ready <none> 10m v1.22.1
node2 Ready <none> 12m v1.22.1
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-p7v7v 1/1 Running 0 67m
coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-qzdbr 1/1 Running 0 67m
etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 67m
kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 67m
kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 67m
kube-flannel-ds-fgk2n 1/1 Running 0 14m
kube-flannel-ds-sh2m4 1/1 Running 0 65m
kube-proxy-hcdjw 1/1 Running 0 67m
kube-proxy-j5qgx 1/1 Running 0 14m
kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 67m
#查看具体的出错信息
[root@node1 ~]# kubectl describe pod kube-flannel-ds-p4nx9 --namespace=kube-system
Normal BackOff 16m (x4 over 26m) kubelet Back-off pulling image "quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2"
Warning Failed 16m (x4 over 26m) kubelet Error: ImagePullBackOff
Warning Failed 6m21s (x2 over 16m) kubelet Failed to pull image "quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = context canceled
Warning Failed 6m21s (x4 over 26m) kubelet Error: ErrImagePull
Normal Pulling 6m10s (x5 over 26m) kubelet Pulling image "quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2"
#手动拉取镜像
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2
v0.13.1-rc2: Pulling from coreos/flannel
df20fa9351a1: Already exists
0fbfec51320e: Already exists
734a6c0a0c59: Already exists
95bcce43aaee: Pull complete
f5cb02651392: Pull complete
071b96dd834b: Pull complete
164ad1e8ed3f: Pull complete
#查看镜像
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver v1.22.1 f30469a2491a 2 weeks ago 128MB
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler v1.22.1 aca5ededae9c 2 weeks ago 52.7MB
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy v1.22.1 36c4ebbc9d97 2 weeks ago 104MB
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager v1.22.1 6e002eb89a88 2 weeks ago 122MB
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd 3.5.0-0 004811815584 2 months ago 295MB
coredns/coredns 1.8.4 8d147537fb7d 3 months ago 47.6MB
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns v1.8.4 8d147537fb7d 3 months ago 47.6MB
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause 3.5 ed210e3e4a5b 5 months ago 683kB
quay.io/coreos/flannel v0.13.1-rc2 dee1cac4dd20 7 months ago 64.3MB
#查看flannel启动成功
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux|grep flannel
root 14856 0.0 2.0 1265920 37932 ? Ssl 20:54 0:00 /opt/bin/flanneld --ip-masq --kube-subnet-mgr
root 16946 0.0 0.0 12344 1028 pts/0 S+ 20:59 0:00 grep --color=auto flannel
出现这种故障，swapoff -a关闭交换分区即可
手动拉取镜像
#提前准备coredns:1.8.4的镜像，后面需要使用,需要在每台机器上下载镜像
[root@master ~]# docker pull coredns/coredns:1.8.4
[root@master ~]# docker tag coredns/coredns:1.8.4 registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.4