Virtualenv 在 OS X Yosemite 上失败并出现 OSError

我最近更新到 OSX Yosemite，现在无法使用virtualenv / pip.

每当我执行：

virtualenv env

它抛出一个：

OSError: Command /Users/administrator...ux/env/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip failed with error code 1

在该堆栈跟踪中，pip 会抛出：

ImportError: cannot import name HTTPSHandle

还有其他人遇到过这个错误吗？这些问题建议更新自制程序来解决问题。我已经这样做了，但问题仍然存在。

• ImportError：无法使用 PIP 导入名称 HTTPSHandler https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20688034/python-importerror-cannot-import-name-httpshandler
• ImportError：无法导入名称 HTTPSHandler 安装 get-pip.py https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24480101/importerror-cannot-import-name-httpshandler-installing-get-pip-py
• ImportError：无法使用 Brew 导入名称 HTTPSHandler https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24909303/importerror-cannot-import-name-httpshandler

完整的堆栈跟踪：

Administrators-MacBook-Air :: ~/dev/KaggleAux ‹master› » virtualenv env                                                                                                                               127 ↵
New python executable in env/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...
  Complete output from command /Users/administrator...ux/env/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-1.5.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-1.5.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/util.py", line 18, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-1.5.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/distlib/version.py", line 14, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-1.5.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/distlib/compat.py", line 31, in <module>
ImportError: cannot import name HTTPSHandler
----------------------------------------
...Installing setuptools, pip...done.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/virtualenv", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 824, in main
    symlink=options.symlink)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 992, in create_environment
    install_wheel(to_install, py_executable, search_dirs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 960, in install_wheel
    'PIP_NO_INDEX': '1'
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 902, in call_subprocess
    % (cmd_desc, proc.returncode))
OSError: Command /Users/administrator...ux/env/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip failed with error code 1

解决方法：

brew uninstall python

brew install python 

pip install --upgrade pip

*注意：您还需要为您当前正在处理的任何项目执行全新的 pip 安装。