通过 pip 安装 PyGObject 时缺少文件 msvc_recommended_pragmas.h

我尝试通过 pip 安装 PyGObject，但失败并出现给定错误：

Building wheels for collected packages: pygobject
Building wheel for pygobject (PEP 517) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -DPY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN -IC:\Users\James\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-deoh1xpv\pygobject_2e13db219b124bfd8bf7a88e47dc19a5 -IC:\Users\James\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-deoh1xpv\pygobject_2e13db219b124bfd8bf7a88e47dc19a5\gi -IC:\Program Files\Python39\include -IC:\Program Files\Python39\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\ATLMFC\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\ucrt -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\shared -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\um -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\winrt -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\cppwinrt /Tcgi\gimodule.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.9\Release\gi\gimodule.obj -FImsvc_recommended_pragmas.h
gimodule.c
gi\gimodule.c: fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'msvc_recommended_pragmas.h': No such file or directory
error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual
Studio\\2019\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.28.29333\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pygobject

我又进行了一次尝试python -m pip install pygobject --no-use-517它仍然失败并出现错误：

Building wheels for collected packages: pygobject
Building wheel for pygobject (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:

gimodule.c
gi\gimodule.c: fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'msvc_recommended_pragmas.h': No such file or directory
error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2019\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.28.29333\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pygobject
Running setup.py clean for pygobject
Failed to build pygobject

Installing collected packages: pygobject
Running setup.py install for pygobject ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:

gimodule.c
gi\gimodule.c: fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'msvc_recommended_pragmas.h': No such file or directory
error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2019\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.28.29333\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 

'C:\Program Files\Python39\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\James\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x0ki7wgt\\pygobject_0af3e48dd4b543de8f83ff716124e468\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\James\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x0ki7wgt\\pygobject_0af3e48dd4b543de8f83ff716124e468\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\James\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-andppe11\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers 'C:\Program Files\Python39\Include\pygobject' Check the logs for full command output.

似乎所有失败都是由于文件丢失造成的msvc_recommended_pragmas.h。这让我不知道我可能错过了什么。涉及的所有运行时依赖项（python3.9, pip, MSYS2, C++ Build Tools from Visual Studio）已升级到最新版本仅供参考。

gvsbuild https://github.com/wingtk/gvsbuild提供了在Windows下编译GTK的方法。最新说明可在自述文件中找到：https://github.com/wingtk/gvsbuild https://github.com/wingtk/gvsbuild。一旦安装了依赖项，它将像这样工作：

mkdir C:\gtk-build\github
cd C:\gtk-build\github
git clone C:\github.com\wingtk\gvsbuild
python -m venv .venv
.\.venv\Scripts\activate.ps1
pip install .
gvsbuild build --enable-gi --py-wheel gobject-introspection gtk3 pycairo pygobject

构建完成后，您可以切换到尝试使用 PyGObject 的项目并激活 virtualenv。然后安装上面创建的轮子：

Get-ChildItem C:\gtk-build\build\x64\release\*\dist\*.whl | ForEach-Object -process { poetry run pip install $_ }