用一个示例程序可能比其他任何东西都更容易解释这一点:
namespace KeyFinder
{
class Program
{
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern short VkKeyScanEx(char ch, IntPtr dwhkl);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool UnloadKeyboardLayout(IntPtr hkl);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr LoadKeyboardLayout(string pwszKLID, uint Flags);
public class KeyboardPointer : IDisposable
{
private readonly IntPtr pointer;
public KeyboardPointer(int klid)
{
pointer = LoadKeyboardLayout(klid.ToString("X8"), 1);
}
public KeyboardPointer(CultureInfo culture)
:this(culture.KeyboardLayoutId){}
public void Dispose()
{
UnloadKeyboardLayout(pointer);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
~KeyboardPointer()
{
UnloadKeyboardLayout(pointer);
}
// Converting to System.Windows.Forms.Key here, but
// some other enumerations for similar tasks have the same
// one-to-one mapping to the underlying Windows API values
public bool GetKey(char character, out Keys key)
{
short keyNumber = VkKeyScanEx(character, pointer);
if(keyNumber == -1)
{
key = System.Windows.Forms.Keys.None;
return false;
}
key = (System.Windows.Forms.Keys)(((keyNumber & 0xFF00) << 8) | (keyNumber & 0xFF));
return true;
}
}
private static string DescribeKey(Keys key)
{
StringBuilder desc = new StringBuilder();
if((key & Keys.Shift) != Keys.None)
desc.Append("Shift: ");
if((key & Keys.Control) != Keys.None)
desc.Append("Control: ");
if((key & Keys.Alt) != Keys.None)
desc.Append("Alt: ");
return desc.Append(key & Keys.KeyCode).ToString();
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string testChars = "Aéש";
Keys key;
foreach(var culture in (new string[]{"he-IL", "en-US", "en-IE"}).Select(code => CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo(code)))
{
Console.WriteLine(culture.Name);
using(var keyboard = new KeyboardPointer(culture))
foreach(char test in testChars)
{
Console.Write(test);
Console.Write('\t');
if(keyboard.GetKey(test, out key))
Console.WriteLine(DescribeKey(key));
else
Console.WriteLine("No Key");
}
}
Console.Read();//Stop window closing
}
}
}
Output:
he-IL
A Shift: A
é No Key
ש A
en-US
A Shift: A
é No Key
ש No Key
en-IE
A Shift: A
é Control: Alt: E
ש No Key
(尽管您自己的控制台可能会弄乱 ש 和/或 é,具体取决于设置和字体)。
请注意,在键盘没有 AltGr 键的情况下使用 Ctrl+Alt 作为替代的 Windows 组合正是如此报告的,只是在较低级别再次将两者视为单独的,这是使 Windows 键盘不太灵活(Alt + AltGr 在 Windows 中没有意义)。
编辑:构造函数KeyboardPointer
这需要一个CultureInfo
具有明显的易用性,但是需要数字的键盘对于特定文化的辅助键盘很有用。例如。 en-US 最常使用 0x0149,但也存在具有不同较高单词的变体(0x00010149、0x00020149、0x00030149 等),用于 Dvorak 等变体布局,对字符的扩展支持(编写英语所需的所谓“国际美国”)诸如“naïve”、“façade”或“resume”之类的词)等等。