org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException：分离的实体传递给持久异常

我正在创建一个简单的应用程序，只需使用以下命令将一行插入表中（如果表不存在，则创建它）Java JPA.

我附加了一些可运行示例的代码。

这是我得到的异常和堆栈跟踪：

EXCEPTION -- > org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: view.Person
javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: view.Person
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1763)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1677)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1683)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1187)
    at view.TestJPA.main(TestJPA.java:34)
Caused by: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: view.Person
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:139)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:75)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:811)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:784)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:789)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1181)
    ... 1 more

这是我的代码：

主要类别：

package view;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class TestJPA {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Person p = new Person(1, "Peter", "Parker");

        EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("TesePersistentUnit");
        EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();

        EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
        try {
            transaction.begin();

            entityManager.persist(p);
            entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        } 
        catch (Exception e) {
            if (transaction != null) {
                transaction.rollback();
            }
            System.out.println("EXCEPTION -- > " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        finally {
            if (entityManager != null) {
                entityManager.close();
            }
        }
    }
}

以及 Person 类：

package view;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "People")
public class Person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private int id;

    private String name;
    private String lastName;

    public Person(int id, String name, String lastName) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Person() {
    }
}

这是我的 persistence.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="TesePersistentUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <class>view.Person</class>
        <properties>
            <!-- SQL dialect -->
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>

            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/tese_tabelas?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value=""/>

            <!-- Create/update tables automatically using mapping metadata -->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

- - - - - - - - - - - - 编辑 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

我刚刚将提供程序更改为 EclipseLink，无需进一步更改即可正常工作。我现在很困惑。为什么它可以与 EclipseLink 一起使用，但与 Hibernate 一起使用时会生成异常？

原因是你已经声明了 idPerson生成的具有自动策略含义的类JPA尝试在保留实体的同时插入 id 本身。然而在你的constructor您正在手动设置 id 变量。由于 ID 是手动分配的，并且该实体不存在于persistence context这导致JPA认为您正在尝试持久化一个与持久化上下文分离的实体，因此会出现异常。

要修复它，请不要在构造函数中设置 id。

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private int id;



public Person(int id, String name, String lastName) {
       // this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.lastName = lastName;
  }