通用匹配模式（'/**'）在其他模式之前定义

我在尝试将 Spring Security 引入我的 web 应用程序时遇到问题。这是我的web.xml:

<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
        classpath:application-context.xml
        classpath:web-context.xml
        classpath:security-context.xml
    </param-value>
</context-param>

<context-param>
    <param-name>defaultHtmlEscape</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>Spring MVC Dispatcher Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value></param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Spring MVC Dispatcher Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Spring MVC Dispatcher Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/admin</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<session-config>
    <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
    <tracking-mode>COOKIE</tracking-mode>
</session-config>

<!-- Spring Security config -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

security-context.xml:

<security:http auto-config='true'>
    <security:intercept-url pattern="/admin.html" />
    <security:http-basic />
</security:http>
<security:http pattern="/services/**" security="none" />
<security:authentication-manager>
    <security:authentication-provider>
        <security:user-service>
            <security:user name="admin" password="analyzer4321"
                authorities="ROLE_ADMIN" />
        </security:user-service>
    </security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>

当我尝试运行服务器时，我在启动时遇到此异常：

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A universal match pattern ('/**')
is defined before other patterns in the filter chain, causing them to be ignored.
Please check the ordering in your <security:http> namespace or 
FilterChainProxy bean configuration.

我不知道我做错了什么。有什么建议么？

此部分在您的security-context.xml file:

<security:http auto-config='true'>
    <security:intercept-url pattern="/admin.html" />
    <security:http-basic />
</security:http>

在这个（第二个）之前处理（因为它们的顺序）：

<security:http pattern="/services/**" security="none" />

第一部分说：限制访问/admin.html并允许免费访问任何其他页面。

第二节没啥用。它说：允许访问所有匹配的页面/services/**。但这已经为第一节所允许。

您可以删除第二部分，或将其放在第一部分之前。

See the Spring安全参考 http://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/3.1.4.RELEASE/reference/security-filter-chain.html#filter-chains-with-ns有关使用多个的更多详细信息<http> tags.

BTW, <intercept-url>标签通常有一个access属性。我不确定是否<intercept-url>可以不使用access. See here http://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/3.1.4.RELEASE/reference/ns-config.html#ns-minimal了解详情。