Spring：日志记录不适用于 log4j 或 logback

我正在开发一个 Spring-MVC 应用程序，我正在尝试让日志记录再次工作。不幸的是，有时它停止工作，我不知道是什么原因造成的。我尝试了网上的一些建议，但没有什么用处。有什么建议么？

Pom.xml：

<packaging>war</packaging>
    <properties>
        <java-version>1.8</java-version>
        <org.springframework-version>4.1.6.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
        <org.aspectj-version>1.7.4</org.aspectj-version>
        <org.slf4j-version>1.7.5</org.slf4j-version>
        <hibernate.version>4.3.9.Final</hibernate.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <springsecurity.version>4.0.1.RELEASE</springsecurity.version>
        <spring-platform.version>1.1.3.RELEASE</spring-platform.version>
        <jetty.version>9.2.9.v20150224</jetty.version>
    </properties>

    <parent>
        <groupId>io.spring.platform</groupId>
        <artifactId>platform-bom</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath />
    </parent>

    <dependencies>

  <!-- Spring framework dependencies -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.mobile</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-mobile-device</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring security dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>


    <!-- Logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.5</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.13</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.13</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>apache-log4j-extras</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>

我有 log4j.xml 和 logback.xml ：

log4j.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/apidocs/org/apache/log4j/xml/doc-files/log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration>


    <!-- Appenders -->
    <appender name="console" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
        <param name="Target" value="System.out" />
        <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
            <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%-5p: %c - %m%n" />
        </layout>
    </appender>
  <logger name="org.cometd">
        <level value="debug"/>
    </logger>
    <!-- Root Logger -->
    <root>
        <priority value="OFF" />
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
    </root>

</log4j:configuration>

logback.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>


    <logger name="org.cometd" level="debug"/>
    <logger name="com.tooltank.spring.chat.ChatServiceImpl" level="info"/>
</configuration>

在服务器启动期间我得到这个：

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/logback-classic-1.0.13.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home//WEB-INF/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.12.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
13:43:29,173 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
13:43:29,173 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
13:43:29,174 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [file:/home/path/to/logback.xml]
13:43:29,292 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
13:43:29,298 |-ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.IncludeAction - Could not find resource corresponding to [org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml]
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextSelectorStaticBinder]
13:43:29,299 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [org.cometd] to DEBUG
13:43:29,299 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [com.tooltank.spring.chat.ChatServiceImpl] to INFO
13:43:29,299 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
13:43:29,300 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@59474a9e - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point

我缺少什么？谢谢。

您应该避免在一个应用程序中使用 log4j 和 logback。如果你的类路径中有两个jar，类加载器将选择其中一个（有点随机......） 此日志语句表明了这一点：

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.

如果您打算使用 logback，则需要将 logback.xml 文件放置在应用程序的类路径中。来自文档：

logback 将尝试使用文件 logback-test.xml 或 logback.xml （如果在类路径中找到）来配置自身。

您还可以查看此链接：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto-logging.html#howto-configure-logback-for-logging https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto-logging.html#howto-configure-logback-for-logging

编辑： 我想您还需要向控制台添加一个附加程序，例如：

  <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<!-- encoders are assigned the type
     ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder by default -->
<encoder>
  <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>

然后将附加程序添加到您的记录器中：

<logger name="org.cometd" additivity="false">
    <level value="DEBUG" />
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>

此致！