Prometheus Blackbox_exporter笔记

一、安装Promtheus

在 Prometheus 官网 Download | Prometheus 获取适用于 Linux 的 Prometheus 安
装包，这里我选择最新的 2.46.0  版本，我是 Linux 系统，选择下载 prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

下载安装包：
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.46.0/prometheus-
2.46.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
 
解压安装包
tar zxvf prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
 
进到解压目录
cd prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/
 
查看版本信息
./prometheus --version

生成prometheus启动脚本，自行修改目录，我的解压目录是/opt/prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/prometheus
vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service

[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Documentation=https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overview/
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/prometheus \
  --config.file=/opt/prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml \
  --storage.tsdb.path=/opt/prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/data
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutStopSec=20s
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable prometheus
systemctl start prometheus

systemctl status prometheus

访问 http://IP:9090/targets 进行确认

二、安装Blackbox_expoter

下载地址： Releases · prometheus/blackbox_exporter · GitHub

tar zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

vim /etc/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service

[Unit]
Description=Blackbox Exporter
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64/blackbox_exporter \
  --config.file=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64/blackbox.yml
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutStopSec=20s
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable blackbox_exporter
systemctl start blackbox_exporter

systemctl status blackbox_exporter

访问IP：9115进行确认

三、安装Grafana

下载地址：

Download Grafana | Grafana Labs

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-10.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

yum install -y urw-fonts
rpm -ivh grafana-10.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

数据配置路径，比如数据目录、日志目录、插件目录：/etc/sysconfig/grafana-server
默认的用户名和密码为 admin ，也可以在配置文件 /etc/grafana/grafana.ini中配置 admin_user 和 admin_password 两个参数来进行覆盖。
配置中文界面：
vim /etc/grafana/grafana.ini

default_language = zh-Hans

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable grafana-server.service
systemctl start grafana-server

访问 http:IP:3000 进行确认

四、配置Prometheus

配置prmetheus.yml使用blackbox_exporter

vim /opt/prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml

检查网站状态，网络状态，与端口存活。

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
    - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: "prometheus"

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
      - targets: ["localhost:9090"]

  - job_name: 网站状态
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
    - targets:
      - http://www.baidu.com
      - http://www.jd.com
      labels:
        group: web
    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: 192.168.31.80:9115
   

  - job_name: 网络联通性
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
    - targets:
      - 10.4.117.66
      - 10.4.117.69
      labels:
        group: icmp
    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: 192.168.31.80:9115

  - job_name: TCP端口状态
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
    - targets:
      - 10.4.117.205:443
      - 10.4.117.205:38080
      labels:
        group: tcp-port-status
    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: 192.168.31.80:9115

五、Grafana插件安装

默认仪表盘部分插件没有，示例安装：grafana-piechart-panel

grafana-cli plugins install grafana-piechart-panel

指定插件路径

vim /etc/grafana/grafana.ini

[plugin.piechart]
path = /var/lib/grafana/plugins/grafana-piechart-panel

六、Grafana 模板选择

Dashboards | Grafana Labs 模板地址

示例：

模板ID：13659

模板ID：9965