我希望能够执行 %~p 来仅查看文件的路径。但在循环中使用它时我无法获得正确的语法（使用 EnableDelayedExpansion）
这是我的代码：
@echo off
set "dir1=%TMP%\opt"
set "dir2=c:\opt"
set "empty="
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
for /f %%F in ('dir /a:-d /s /b /r "%dir1%"') do (
set "file_path=%%F"
set "file_name=%%~nF"
set "new_path=!file_path:%dir1%=%dir2%!"
set "new_path=!new_path:!file_name!=%empty%" //This command is problematic
echo !new_path!
)
endlocal
我有办法做到这一点吗？
以下是如何获取和替换文件路径。
@echo off
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set "dir1=%TMP%\opt"
set "dir2=c:\opt"
pushd "%dir1%" && for /f %%F in ('dir /a:-d /b /r /s') do (
set "file_path=%%~dpF"
set "new_path=!file_path:%dir1%=%dir2%!"
echo !new_path!
) & popd
endlocal
exit /b 0
解释
主要的变化是使用~dp变量的修饰符，使其仅获取不带文件名的完整文件路径。
您对 dir1 替换的使用是正确的，但您的文件名替换是错误的。通过使用~dp修饰符我们可以完全跳过文件名替换部分。
The pushd之前只被调用一次for循环开始设置工作目录。
演练：
- 将工作目录设置为
dir1
- 循环遍历该目录和子目录中的所有文件。
- 对于每个文件，仅获取文件路径
C:\Path\opt\sub not C:\path\opt\sub\file.ext
- 更换
C:\path\opt with C:\opt
- 显示结果。
-
popd会将工作目录恢复到之前的状态pushd.
这是所有变量修饰符的列表for /?帮助文本。
In addition, substitution of FOR variable references has been enhanced.
You can now use the following optional syntax:
%~I - expands %I removing any surrounding quotes (")
%~fI - expands %I to a fully qualified path name
%~dI - expands %I to a drive letter only
%~pI - expands %I to a path only
%~nI - expands %I to a file name only
%~xI - expands %I to a file extension only
%~sI - expanded path contains short names only
%~aI - expands %I to file attributes of file
%~tI - expands %I to date/time of file
%~zI - expands %I to size of file
%~$PATH:I - searches the directories listed in the PATH
environment variable and expands %I to the
fully qualified name of the first one found.
If the environment variable name is not
defined or the file is not found by the
search, then this modifier expands to the
empty string
The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:
%~dpI - expands %I to a drive letter and path only
%~nxI - expands %I to a file name and extension only
%~fsI - expands %I to a full path name with short names only
%~dp$PATH:I - searches the directories listed in the PATH
environment variable for %I and expands to the
drive letter and path of the first one found.
%~ftzaI - expands %I to a DIR like output line
In the above examples %I and PATH can be replaced by other valid
values. The %~ syntax is terminated by a valid FOR variable name.
Picking upper case variable names like %I makes it more readable and
avoids confusion with the modifiers, which are not case sensitive.
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