Cassini/WebServer.WebDev、NUnit 和 AppDomainUnloadedException

2024-01-03

我正在使用 Cassini/WebServer.WebDev 使用 NUnit 运行 WebService 的一些自动化测试。

我没有做任何花哨的事情,只是

public class WebService{
  Microsoft.VisualStudio.WebHost.Server _server;

  public void Start(){
    _server = new Microsoft.VisualStudio.WebHost.Server(_port, "/", _physicalPath);
  }

  public void Dispose()
  {
    if (_server != null)
    {
      _server.Stop();
      _server = null;
    }
  }
}
[TestFixture]
public void TestFixture{
  [Test]
  public void Test(){
    using(WebService webService = new WebService()){
      webService.Start();
      // actual test invoking the webservice
    }
  }
}

,但是当我使用 nunit-console.exe 运行它时,我得到以下输出:

NUnit version 2.5.0.9015 (Beta-2)
Copyright (C) 2002-2008 Charlie Poole.\r\nCopyright (C) 2002-2004 James W. Newki
rk, Michael C. Two, Alexei A. Vorontsov.\r\nCopyright (C) 2000-2002 Philip Craig
.\r\nAll Rights Reserved.

Runtime Environment -
   OS Version: Microsoft Windows NT 6.0.6001 Service Pack 1
  CLR Version: 2.0.50727.1434 ( Net 2.0.50727.1434 )

ProcessModel: Default    DomainUsage: Default
Execution Runtime: net-2.0.50727.1434
.....
Tests run: 5, Errors: 0, Failures: 0, Inconclusive: 0 Time: 28,4538451 seconds
  Not run: 0, Invalid: 0, Ignored: 0, Skipped: 0


Unhandled exceptions:
1) TestCase1 : System.AppDomainUnloadedException: Attempted to access an unloaded AppDomain.
2) TestCase2 : System.AppDomainUnloadedException: Attempted to access an unloaded AppDomain.
3) TestCase3 : System.AppDomainUnloadedException: Attempted to access an unloaded AppDomain.
4) TestCase4 : System.AppDomainUnloadedException: Attempted to access an unloaded AppDomain.

如果我在调试器下运行 nunit-console,我会在调试控制台中得到以下输出:

[...]
The thread 0x1974 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
############################################################################
##############                 S U C C E S S               #################
############################################################################
Executed tests       : 5
Ignored tests        : 0
Failed tests         : 0
Unhandled exceptions : 4
Total time           : 25,7092944 seconds
############################################################################
The thread 0x1bd4 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x10f8 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread '<No Name>' (0x1a80) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
A first chance exception of type 'System.AppDomainUnloadedException' occurred in System.Web.dll
##### Unhandled Exception while running 
System.AppDomainUnloadedException: Attempted to access an unloaded AppDomain.
   at System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager.HostingEnvironmentShutdownComplete(String appId, IApplicationHost appHost)
   at System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.OnAppDomainUnload(Object unusedObject, EventArgs unusedEventArgs)
A first chance exception of type 'System.Threading.ThreadAbortException' occurred in mscorlib.dll
A first chance exception of type 'System.Threading.ThreadAbortException' occurred in mscorlib.dll
A first chance exception of type 'System.Threading.ThreadAbortException' occurred in System.Web.dll
The thread 0x111c has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[0x1A64] nunit-console.exe: Managed' has exited with code -100 (0xffffff9c).

有谁知道可能导致此问题的原因吗?


我有同样的问题,但没有使用卡西尼号。相反,我有自己的网络服务器托管基于System.Net.HttpListener通过 ASP.Net 支持System.Web.HttpRuntime在通过创建的不同应用程序域中运行System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationHost.CreateApplicationHost()。这本质上就是 Cassini 的工作方式,只不过 Cassini 工作在套接字层并实现了许多由System.Net.HttpListener itself.

无论如何,为了解决我的问题,我需要打电话System.Web.HttpRuntime.Close()在让 NUnit 卸载我的应用程序域之前。我通过暴露一个新的Close()我的主机代理类中的方法,由我的 [SetupFixture] 类的 [TearDown] 方法调用,并且该方法调用System.Web.HttpRuntime.Close().

我通过 .Net Reflector 查看了 Cassini 的实现,尽管它使用System.Web.HttpRuntime.ProcessRequest(),好像没有调用System.Web.HttpRuntime.Close()任何地方。

我不太确定如何继续使用预构建的卡西尼实现(Microsoft.VisualStudio.WebHost.Server),因为你需要得到System.Web.HttpRuntime.Close()调用发生在 Cassini 创建的用于托管 ASP.Net 的应用程序域内。

作为参考,这里是我使用嵌入式网络托管进行的工作单元测试的一些部分。

My WebServerHost类是一个非常小的类,允许将请求编组到由System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationHost.CreateApplicationHost().

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Hosting;

public class WebServerHost :
    MarshalByRefObject
{
    public void
    Close()
    {
        HttpRuntime.Close();
    }

    public void
    ProcessRequest(WebServerContext context)
    {
        HttpRuntime.ProcessRequest(new WebServerRequest(context));
    }
}

The WebServerContext类只是一个包装器System.Net.HttpListenerContext派生自 System.MarshalByRefObject 的实例,以允许来自新 ASP.Net 托管域的调用回调到我的域。

using System;
using System.Net;

public class WebServerContext :
    MarshalByRefObject
{
    public
    WebServerContext(HttpListenerContext context)
    {
        this.context = context;
    }

    //  public methods and properties that forward to HttpListenerContext omitted

    private HttpListenerContext
    context;
}

The WebServerRequest类只是抽象的实现System.Web.HttpWorkerRequest通过 ASP.Net 托管域回调到我的域的类WebServerContext class.

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;

class WebServerRequest :
    HttpWorkerRequest
{
    public
    WebServerRequest(WebServerContext context)
    {
        this.context = context;
    }

    //  implementation of HttpWorkerRequest methods omitted; they all just call
    //  methods and properties on context

    private WebServerContext
    context;
}

The WebServerclass 是用于启动和停止 Web 服务器的控制器。启动后,ASP.Net 托管域是使用我的创建的WebServerHost类作为代理以允许交互。 ASystem.Net.HttpListener实例也会启动,并启动一个单独的线程来接受连接。建立连接后,线程池中会启动一个工作线程来处理请求,再次通过我的WebServerHost班级。最后,当Web服务器停止时,监听器也停止,控制器等待接受连接的线程退出,然后关闭监听器。最后,HTTP 运行时也通过调用来关闭WebServerHost.Close() method.

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web.Hosting;

class WebServer
{
    public static void
    Start()
    {
        lock ( typeof(WebServer) )
        {
            //  do not start more than once
            if ( listener != null )
                return;

            //  create web server host in new AppDomain
            host =
                (WebServerHost)ApplicationHost.CreateApplicationHost
                (
                    typeof(WebServerHost),
                    "/",
                    Path.GetTempPath()
                );

            //  start up the HTTP listener
            listener = new HttpListener();
            listener.Prefixes.Add("http://*:8182/");
            listener.Start();

            acceptConnectionsThread = new Thread(acceptConnections);
            acceptConnectionsThread.Start();
        }
    }

    public static void
    Stop()
    {
        lock ( typeof(WebServer) )
        {
            if ( listener == null )
                return;

            //  stop listening; will cause HttpListenerException in thread blocked on GetContext()  
            listener.Stop();

            //  wait connection acceptance thread to exit
            acceptConnectionsThread.Join();
            acceptConnectionsThread = null;

            //  close listener
            listener.Close(); 
            listener = null;

            //  close host
            host.Close();
            host = null;
        }
    }

    private static WebServerHost
    host = null;

    private static HttpListener
    listener = null;

    private static Thread
    acceptConnectionsThread;

    private static void
    acceptConnections(object state)
    {
        while ( listener.IsListening )
        {
            try
            {
                HttpListenerContext context = listener.GetContext();
                ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(handleConnection, context);
            }
            catch ( HttpListenerException e )
            {
                //  this exception is ignored; it will be thrown when web server is stopped and at that time
                //  listening will be set to false which will end the loop and the thread
            }
        }
    }

    private static void
    handleConnection(object state)
    {
        host.ProcessRequest(new WebServerContext((HttpListenerContext)state));
    }
}

最后,这个Initialization类,用 NUnit [SetupFixture] 属性标记,用于在单元测试开始时启动 Web 服务器,并在单元测试完成时关闭它。

using System;
using NUnit.Framework;

[SetUpFixture]
public class Initialization
{
    [SetUp]
    public void
    Setup()
    {
        //  start the local web server
        WebServer.Start();
    }

    [TearDown]
    public void
    TearDown()
    {
        //  stop the local web server
        WebServer.Stop();
    }
}

我知道这并不能完全回答问题,但我希望这些信息对您有用。

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