我正在尝试通过 CMake 创建一个简单的 CUDA 项目,但出现了奇怪的编译错误。我正在跟进本教程 https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/building-cuda-applications-cmake/。
最初,我使用的是 Visual Studio 2019 Community、CMake 3.18.3 和 CUDA 11.3,一切正常。然后,我更新到 Visual Studio 2019 Professional 和 CMake 3.20.3,但无法编译完全相同的源代码。
这是我的整个 CMakeLists 文件:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.18.3)
project(hello_world LANGUAGES CXX CUDA)
add_executable(hello_world_target main.cu)
target_compile_features(hello_world_target PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
set_target_properties(hello_world_target PROPERTIES CUDA_SEPARABLE_COMPILATION ON)
set_target_properties(hello_world_target PROPERTIES CUDA_ARCHITECTURES "52")
这是我唯一的源文件 main.cu:
#include <iostream>
int main(){
std::cout << "Hello, world!" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
当我尝试编译时,出现以下错误:
1>Compiling CUDA source file ..\main.cu...
1>
1>C:\Users\[username]\Documents\hello_cmake\build>"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_52,code=\"compute_52,compute_52\" -gencode=arch=compute_52,code=\"sm_52,compute_52\" --use-local-env -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\bin\HostX64\x64" -x cu -rdc=true -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3\include" --keep-dir x64\Debug -maxrregcount=0 --machine 64 --compile -cudart static -std=c++14 -Xcompiler="/EHsc -Zi -Ob0" -g -D_WINDOWS -D"CMAKE_INTDIR=\"Debug\"" -D"CMAKE_INTDIR=\"Debug\"" -D_MBCS -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W1 /nologo /Od /Fdhello_world_target.dir\Debug\vc142.pdb /FS /Zi /RTC1 /MDd /GR" -o hello_world_target.dir\Debug\main.obj "C:\Users\[username]\Documents\hello_cmake\main.cu"
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\xutility(1309): error : expected a "("
1> detected during instantiation of "void std::_Adl_verify_range(const _Iter &, const _Sentinel &) [with _Iter=const char *, _Sentinel=const char *]"
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\xlocale(1990): here
1>
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\xutility(1309): error : expected a "("
1> detected during instantiation of "void std::_Adl_verify_range(const _Iter &, const _Sentinel &) [with _Iter=__wchar_t *, _Sentinel=__wchar_t *]"
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\xlocale(1991): here
1>
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\xutility(1309): error : expected a "("
1> detected during instantiation of "void std::_Adl_verify_range(const _Iter &, const _Sentinel &) [with _Iter=const __wchar_t *, _Sentinel=const __wchar_t *]"
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\xlocale(2026): here
.....etc., etc., etc.....
31 errors detected in the compilation of "C:/Users/[username]/Documents/hello_cmake/main.cu".
1>main.cu
1>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VC\v160\BuildCustomizations\CUDA 11.3.targets(785,9): error MSB3721: The command ""C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_52,code=\"compute_52,compute_52\" -gencode=arch=compute_52,code=\"sm_52,compute_52\" --use-local-env -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\bin\HostX64\x64" -x cu -rdc=true -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3\include" --keep-dir x64\Debug -maxrregcount=0 --machine 64 --compile -cudart static -std=c++14 -Xcompiler="/EHsc -Zi -Ob0" -g -D_WINDOWS -D"CMAKE_INTDIR=\"Debug\"" -D"CMAKE_INTDIR=\"Debug\"" -D_MBCS -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W1 /nologo /Od /Fdhello_world_target.dir\Debug\vc142.pdb /FS /Zi /RTC1 /MDd /GR" -o hello_world_target.dir\Debug\main.obj "C:\Users\[username]\Documents\hello_cmake\main.cu"" exited with code 1.
1>Done building project "hello_world_target.vcxproj" -- FAILED.
令人困惑的是,这在不同版本的 Visual Studio 和 CMake 上都运行良好。另外,如果我重写 CMakeLists.txt 文件以删除CUDA
来自LANGUAGES
列出并更改main.cu
to main.cpp
,一切正常。
同样令人困惑的是,编译器会抱怨 xutility、xmemory 和atomic 文件。不过,这听起来像是转移注意力。
什么可能导致此问题?
2021 年 10 月 20 日更新:对我来说,VS2019 16.11.5 可以与 CUDA 11.4.120 和 CMake 3.21.3 配合使用,无需修改。