Python @precondition / @postcondition 用于成员函数 - 如何？

我试图在类的成员函数返回的值上使用 @postcondition 装饰器，如下所示：

def out_gt0(retval, inval):
    assert retval > 0, "Return value < 0"

class foo(object):
    def __init__(self, w, h):
        self.width = w
        self.height = h
    @postcondition(out_gt0)
    def bar(self):
        return -1

当我尝试调用成员函数“bar”（并因此引发@postcondition提供警告）时，我得到以下信息：

>>> f = foo(2,3)
>>> f.bar()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#22>", line 1, in <module>
    f.bar()
  File "<pyshell#8>", line 106, in __call__
    result = self._func(*args, **kwargs)
TypeError: bar() takes exactly 1 argument (0 given)
>>> 

我对 @postcondition 的定义是这里看到的http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary#Pre-.2FPost-Conditions http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary#Pre-.2FPost-Conditions.

我假设出现错误是因为 @postcondition 底层的函数不希望处理成员函数（当然我见过的所有示例都只是使用普通的旧函数），但我不确定如何修复它，所以我可以这样做吗？

如有任何建议，将不胜感激。

你不需要做任何特别的事情：

import functools

def condition(pre_condition=None, post_condition=None):
    def decorator(func):
        @functools.wraps(func) # presever name, docstring, etc
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): #NOTE: no self
            if pre_condition is not None:
               assert pre_condition(*args, **kwargs)
            retval = func(*args, **kwargs) # call original function or method
            if post_condition is not None:
               assert post_condition(retval)
            return retval
        return wrapper
    return decorator

def pre_condition(check):
    return condition(pre_condition=check)

def post_condition(check):
    return condition(post_condition=check)

Usage:

@pre_condition(lambda arg: arg > 0)
def function(arg): # ordinary function
    pass

class C(object):
    @post_condition(lambda ret: ret > 0)
    def method_fail(self):
        return 0
    @post_condition(lambda ret: ret > 0)
    def method_success(self):
        return 1

Test:

function(1)
try: function(0)
except AssertionError: pass
else: assert 0, "never happens"

c = C()
c.method_success()
try: c.method_fail()
except AssertionError: pass
else: assert 0, "never happens"