强制 Vi/Vim 仅在重新制表时使用前导制表符！

有没有办法强制vim使用制表符进行初始缩进，但是在运行重新制表符时！命令不使用制表符替换内部字间距？

根据我的经验，最好的方法是使用自定义函数：

" Retab spaced file, but only indentation
command! RetabIndents call RetabIndents()

" Retab spaced file, but only indentation
func! RetabIndents()
    let saved_view = winsaveview()
    execute '%s@^\( \{'.&ts.'}\)\+@\=repeat("\t", len(submatch(0))/'.&ts.')@'
    call winrestview(saved_view)
endfunc

然后您可以使用：

:RetabIndents

将所有前导空格替换为制表符，但不影响其他字符之后的制表符。它假设“ts”设置正确。通过执行以下操作，您可以大大改善未对齐的文件：

:set ts=8     " Or whatever makes the file looks like right
:set et       " Switch to 'space mode'
:retab        " This makes everything spaces
:set noet     " Switch back to 'tab mode'
:RetabIndents " Change indentation (not alignment) to tabs
:set ts=4     " Or whatever your coding convention says it should be

您最终会得到一个文件，其中所有前导空格都是制表符，以便人们可以以他们想要的任何格式查看它，但所有尾随空格都是空格，以便所有行尾注释、表格等对齐与任何制表符宽度正确匹配。

Edit

“exe”行的解释：

execute '%s@^\( \{'.&ts.'}\)\+@\=repeat("\t", len(submatch(0))/'.&ts.')@'

" Execute the result of joining a few strings together:

%s               " Search and replace over the whole file
@....@....@      " Delimiters for search and replace
^                " Start of line
\(...\)          " Match group
 \{...}          " Match a space the number of times in the curly braces
&ts              " The current value of 'tabstop' option, so:
                 " 'string'.&ts.'string' becomes 'string4string' if tabstop is 4
                 " Thus the bracket bit becomes \( \{4}\)
\+               " Match one or more of the groups of 'tabstop' spaces (so if
                 " tabstop is 4, match 4, 8, 12, 16 etc spaces
@                " The middle delimiter
\=               " Replace with the result of an expression:
repeat(s,c)      " Make a string that is c copies of s, so repeat('xy',4) is 'xyxyxyxy'
"\t"             " String consisting of a single tab character
submatch(0)      " String that was matched by the first part (a number of multiples 
                 " of tabstop spaces)
len(submatch(0)) " The length of the match
/'.&ts.'         " This adds the string "/4" onto the expression (if tabstop is 4),
                 " resulting in len(submatch(0))/4 which gives the number of tabs that
                 " the line has been indented by
)                " The end of the repeat() function call

@                " End delimiter