我已经寻找问题的答案很长一段时间了,但我找到的答案似乎都不能解决我的问题。
我正在尝试使用 Python 提供的功能(Python.h、Py_xxx 函数等)将 Python 嵌入到我的 C++ 代码中。但是,我在让我的 C++ 程序调用正确的 Python 解释器时遇到了麻烦。事实上,我的机器上存在多个解释器(顺便说一下,这是一台运行 OSX 10.7.5 的 Mac)。我在操作系统中预装了默认版本的 Python(2.7.1 版),并且还安装了 anaconda 的另一个版本(2.7.7 版)。我需要使用 anaconda 安装的版本,因为我需要 anaconda 提供的额外库,而 OSX 的 Python 默认情况下未安装这些库。
我的C++代码如下:
char* python_home_ = (char*) "/anaconda";
char* program_name_ = (char*) "/anaconda/bin/python2.7";
Py_SetPythonHome(python_home_);
Py_SetProgramName(program_name_);
Py_Initialize();
printf("python home: %s\n", Py_GetPythonHome());
printf("program name: %s\n", Py_GetProgramName());
printf("get path: %s\n", Py_GetPath());
printf("get prefix: %s\n", Py_GetPrefix());
printf("get exec prefix: %s\n", Py_GetExecPrefix());
printf("get prog full path: %s\n", Py_GetProgramFullPath());
PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
printf("path: ");
PyRun_SimpleString("print sys.path");
printf("version: ");
PyRun_SimpleString("print sys.version");
结果:
python home: /anaconda
program name: /anaconda/bin/python2.7
get path: /anaconda/lib/python27.zip:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/plat-mac:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/../../Extras/lib/python:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/lib-tk:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/lib-old:/anaconda/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
get prefix: /anaconda
get exec prefix: /anaconda
get prog full path: /anaconda/bin/python2.7
path: ['/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sphinxcontrib_googleanalytics-0.1dev_20140616-py2.7.egg', '/anaconda/lib/python27.zip', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/plat-mac', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages', '/anaconda/Extras/lib/python', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PIL', '/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-2.2-py2.7.egg']
version: 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Jul 31 2011, 19:30:53)
[GCC 4.2.1 (Based on Apple Inc. build 5658) (LLVM build 2335.15.00)]
但是,当我在终端中运行 anaconda 的 python 时,这就是我得到的结果
Alexs-MacBook-Pro:lib alex$ /anaconda/bin/python2.7
Python 2.7.7 |Anaconda 1.9.1 (x86_64)| (default, Jun 2 2014, 12:48:16)
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5493)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
Anaconda is brought to you by Continuum Analytics.
Please check out: http://continuum.io/thanks and https://binstar.org
以及默认 python 的结果
Alexs-MacBook-Pro:lib alex$ /usr/bin/python
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Jul 31 2011, 19:30:53)
[GCC 4.2.1 (Based on Apple Inc. build 5658) (LLVM build 2335.15.00)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
所以看来,即使我为可执行文件指定了另一个路径,OSX 的默认 python 也会被调用(并且与我稍后尝试导入的 anaconda 库冲突)。
我的问题很简单:我做错了什么以及为什么我通过 Py_Setxxx 指定的路径没有指向正确的可执行文件?
非常感谢您的帮助!
Alex