Spring：无法将模拟注入到使用 @Aspect 注释的类中

我使用 AspectJ 创建了一个 Before 建议：

package test.accesscontrol.permissionchecker;

import test.accesscontrol.database.SessionExpiredException;
import test.database.UsersDatabaseAccessProvider;
import test.common.constants.GlobalConstants;
import test.common.model.AbstractRequest;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

@Aspect
public class ValidSessionChecker {
    private static final int REQUEST_PARAMETER_ARGUMENT_POSITION = GlobalConstants.ZERO;

    private UsersDatabaseAccessProvider usersDatabaseAccessProvider;

    @Autowired
    public ValidSessionChecker(UsersDatabaseAccessProvider usersDatabaseAccessProvider) {
        this.usersDatabaseAccessProvider = usersDatabaseAccessProvider;
    }

    @Before("@annotation(test.accesscontrol.permissionchecker.ValidSessionRequired)")
    public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        Object requestParameterObject = joinPoint.getArgs()[REQUEST_PARAMETER_ARGUMENT_POSITION];
        AbstractRequest requestParameter = (AbstractRequest) requestParameterObject;

        String sessionID = requestParameter.getSessionId();
        if(!usersDatabaseAccessProvider.sessionNotExpired(sessionID))
            throw new SessionExpiredException(String.format("Session expired: %s", sessionID));
    }
}

和一个测试类：

package test.accesscontrol;

import test.accesscontrol.database.UsersDatabaseAccessProvider;
import test.accesscontrol.permissionchecker.ValidSessionChecker;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml")
public class AccessControlControllerTestsWithInjectedMocks {

    @Autowired
    private org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Mock
    UsersDatabaseAccessProvider usersDatabaseAccessProvider;

    @InjectMocks
    ValidSessionChecker validSessionChecker;

    @InjectMocks
    AccessControlController accessControlController;

    @Before
    public void before() throws Throwable {
        //given
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        when(usersDatabaseAccessProvider.sessionNotExpired("123456")).thenReturn(Boolean.FALSE);

        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void changePassword_shouldReturnUnauthorizedHttpCodeWhenSessionIsExpired() throws Exception {
        //when
        ResultActions results = mockMvc.perform(
                post("/accesscontrol/changePassword")
                        .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .content("{\"sessionId\":\"123456\", \"oldPassword\":\"password\", \"newPassword\":\"newPassword\"}")
        );

        //then
        results.andExpect(status().isUnauthorized());
        verify(usersDatabaseAccessProvider, never()).getSessionOwner(anyString());
        verify(usersDatabaseAccessProvider, never()).isCurrentPasswordValid(anyString(), anyString());
        verify(usersDatabaseAccessProvider, never()).setNewPassword(anyString(), anyString());
    }
}

弹簧配置文件：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource"
          id="messageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="messages" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="usersDatabaseAccessProvider" class="test.accesscontrol.database.UsersDatabaseAccessProvider"/>

    <bean id="accessControlController" class="test.accesscontrol.AccessControlController">
        <property name="sessionExpirationTimeInSeconds" value="600"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="validSessionChecker" class="test.accesscontrol.permissionchecker.ValidSessionChecker" />

    <bean id="timeDispatcher" class="test.utils.time.TimeDispatcher" scope="singleton" />

</beans>

门禁控制器

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/accesscontrol")
public class AccessControlController {
...

    @RequestMapping(value = "changePassword", method = RequestMethod.POST,
        consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
    @ValidSessionRequired
    public ResponseEntity<Void> changePassword(@Valid @RequestBody ChangePasswordRequest request) throws OperationForbiddenException {
        String sessionId = request.getSessionId();
        String userEmailAddress = usersDatabaseAccessProvider.getSessionOwner(sessionId);
        String currentPassword = request.getOldPassword();

        this.ensureThatCurrentPasswordIsValid(userEmailAddress, currentPassword);

        usersDatabaseAccessProvider.setNewPassword(userEmailAddress, request.getNewPassword());
        return new ResponseEntity<Void>(HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @ExceptionHandler({SessionExpiredException.class})
    public ResponseEntity<Void> handleSessionExpiredException(Exception ex) {
        return new ResponseEntity<Void>(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
    }
}

当我调用mockMvc.perform(...)时，它应该拦截方法，抛出异常并返回401未经授权的代码。

当然它不起作用，我尝试调试测试并：

1. 在 MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); 之后 有一个 UsersDatabaseAccessProvider 实例（模拟）分配给所有类（ValidSessionChecker、AccessControlController 和 AccessControlControllerTestsWithInjectedMocks）中的字段。
2. 但是，当执行 before(JoinPoint joinPoint) 时，ValidSessionChecker 对象中的 usersDatabaseAccessProvider 字段包含 UsersDatabaseAccessProvider 的不同实例（ValidSessionChecker 对象也不同，它不是模拟版本）。

如何将 UsersDatabaseAccessProvider 的模拟实例注入 ValidSessionChecker 中？

这里的问题是你的 Mock 实例和ValidSessionChecker不是Spring bean，因此没有被连接到ValidSessionChecker由 Spring 管理。要制作模拟 Spring bean，更好的方法可能是创建另一个 bean 定义文件，该文件扩展基本配置文件中定义的 bean 并添加模拟：

测试配置.xml：

<beans...>
    <import resource="base-springmvc-config.xml"/>
    <beans:bean name="usersDatabaseAccessProvider" factory-method="mock"    class="org.mockito.Mockito">
    <beans:constructor-arg value="..UsersDatabaseAccessProvider"></beans:constructor-arg>
</beans:bean>

然后在您的测试中将行为注入模拟中：

public class AccessControlControllerTestsWithInjectedMocks {

    @Autowired
    private org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Autowired
    UsersDatabaseAccessProvider usersDatabaseAccessProvider;

    @Autowired
    ValidSessionChecker validSessionChecker;

    ....

    @Before
    public void before() throws Throwable {
        //given
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        when(usersDatabaseAccessProvider.sessionNotExpired("123456")).thenReturn(Boolean.FALSE);

        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

这应该可以正常工作。