JavaFX：同时有 2 个独立窗口

我想一次创建2个独立的窗口。一个窗口将能够保存可观察的列表，另一个窗口将显示所选列表对象的属性。我正在尝试将列表视图创建为通用列表，并将其与特定于对象的窗口（例如客户属性、啤酒属性、商店属性）结合起来。

简而言之：如果用户单击“客户”，它将显示包含所有客户的列表视图，并且第一个客户的属性显示在单独的、特定于客户的窗口中。

如果用户单击“商店”，它会显示相同的列表视图，但会填充商店。特定于商店的窗口也会打开，其中包含第一个商店的属性。

我尝试使用 2 个 FXMLLoaders，但由于某种原因我不知道如何使用它们。我在 JavaFX 方面很平庸，所以我什至不知道从哪里开始。这就是我所得到的，但它似乎是错误的。

 FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("List.fxml"));
 loader.setRoot(this);
 loader.setController(this);
 FXMLLoader loader2 = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("StoreWindow.fxml"));
 loader2.setRoot(this);
 loader2.setController(this);
 try {
        loader.load();
        loader2.load(); 
     } catch (IOException ex) {
        throw new RuntimeException(ex);
     }

您基本上必须遵循@Slaw 的说明。创建一个Model。分享Model两者之间Controllers。观察模型电流Customer并做出相应反应。 MCVE如下：

主要类别：（使用正确的场景加载两个阶段。创建模型并将其传递给两个控制器）：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

/**
 *
 * @author sedri
 */
public class JavaFXApplication36 extends Application {

    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        try {
            FXMLLoader listViewFXMLLoader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("ListViewFXML.fxml"));
            Parent listViewRoot = listViewFXMLLoader.load();
            ListViewController listViewController = listViewFXMLLoader.getController();
            Scene scene1 = new Scene(listViewRoot);
            stage.setScene(scene1);           

            FXMLLoader detailsFXMLLoader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("DetailsFXML.fxml"));
            Parent detailsRoot = detailsFXMLLoader.load();
            DetailsController detailsController = detailsFXMLLoader.getController();
            Scene scene2 = new Scene(detailsRoot);
            Stage stage2 = new Stage();
            stage2.setScene(scene2);

            DataModel model = new DataModel();
            listViewController.initModel(model);
            detailsController.initModel(model);

            stage.show();
            stage2.show(); 
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(JavaFXApplication36.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

}

型号类别：（了解当前客户和客户的可观察列表）

import javafx.beans.Observable;
import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;

/**
 *
 * @author sedrick
 */
public class DataModel {
    private final ObservableList<Customer> customerList = FXCollections.observableArrayList(customer -> new Observable[]{customer.nameProperty(), customer.ageProperty()});
    private final ObjectProperty<Customer> currentCustomer = new SimpleObjectProperty();

    public ObjectProperty<Customer> currentCustomerProperty() {
        return currentCustomer;
    }

    public void setCurrentCustomer(Customer currentCustomer) {
        this.currentCustomer.set(currentCustomer);
    }

    public Customer getCurrentCustomer() {
        return this.currentCustomer.get();
    }  


    public ObservableList<Customer> loadCustomers()
    {        
        customerList.add(new Customer("John Doe", 21));
        customerList.add(new Customer("Jane Joe", 20));

        return customerList;
    }
}

客户类别：

import javafx.beans.property.IntegerProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleIntegerProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
/**
 *
 * @author sedrick
 */
public class Customer {
    private final StringProperty name = new SimpleStringProperty();
    private final IntegerProperty age = new SimpleIntegerProperty();
    public Customer(String name, int age) {
        this.name.set(name);
        this.age.set(age);
    }

    public String getName()
    {
       return this.name.get();
    }

    public void setName(String name)
    {
        this.name.set(name);
    }

    public StringProperty nameProperty()
    {
        return this.name;
    }

    public int getAge()
    {
       return this.age.get();
    }

    public void setAge(int age)
    {
        this.age.set(age);
    }

    public IntegerProperty ageProperty()
    {
        return this.age;
    }
}

列表视图控制器：（初始化模型，设置ListView并观察当前客户属性）

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.control.ListCell;
import javafx.scene.control.ListView;

/**
 *
 * @author sedri
 */
public class ListViewController implements Initializable {
   @FXML private ListView<Customer> listView;

   private DataModel model;



    @Override
    public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
        // TODO
    }    

    public void initModel(DataModel model)
    {
        // ensure model is only set once:
        if (this.model != null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Model can only be initialized once");
        }

        listView.getSelectionModel().selectedItemProperty().addListener((obs, oldCustomer, newCustomer) -> 
            model.setCurrentCustomer(newCustomer));

        model.currentCustomerProperty().addListener((obs, oldCustomer, newCustomer) -> {
            if (newCustomer == null) {
                listView.getSelectionModel().clearSelection();
            } else {
                listView.getSelectionModel().select(newCustomer);
            }
        });

        listView.setCellFactory(lv -> new ListCell<Customer>() {
            @Override
            public void updateItem(Customer customer, boolean empty) {
                super.updateItem(customer, empty);
                if (empty) {
                    setText(null);
                } else {
                    setText("Name: " + customer.getName() +  "  Age: " + customer.getAge());
                }
            }
        });

        listView.setItems(model.loadCustomers());
    }
}

列表视图 FXML：

<StackPane maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.171" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="javafxapplication36.ListViewController">
   <children>
      <ListView fx:id="listView" prefHeight="200.0" prefWidth="200.0" />
   </children>
</StackPane>

详情控制器：（初始化模型并观察当前客户属性）

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;

/**
 * FXML Controller class
 *
 * @author sedri
 */
public class DetailsController implements Initializable {
    @FXML TextField tfName, tfAge;

    private DataModel model;
    /**
     * Initializes the controller class.
     */
    @Override
    public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
        // TODO
    }    

     public void initModel(DataModel model) {
        // ensure model is only set once:
        if (this.model != null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Model can only be initialized once");
        }

        this.model = model ;

        model.currentCustomerProperty().addListener((observable, oldCustomer, newCustomer) -> {
            if(newCustomer == null){
                tfName.setText("");
                tfAge.setText("");
            }
            else{
                tfName.setText(newCustomer.getName());
                tfAge.setText(Integer.toString(newCustomer.getAge()));
            }
        });
    }
}

详细信息 FXML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.geometry.Insets?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.TextField?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>


<VBox alignment="CENTER" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.171" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="javafxapplication36.DetailsController">
   <children>
      <Label text="Name" />
      <TextField fx:id="tfName" />
      <Label text="Age" />
      <TextField fx:id="tfAge" />
   </children>
   <padding>
      <Insets left="20.0" right="20.0" />
   </padding>
</VBox>

更多信息：

@James D 关于模型-视图-控制器（MVC）的回答.
GitHub 代码.