ASP.NET Core 5 和 6 JWT 身份验证始终抛出 HTTP 401 代码

我想在 ASP.NET Core 中实现基于 JWT 的安全性。目前我想要它做的就是读取按钮中的令牌@Html.ActionLink("Test","Oper","Home")，授权标头并根据我的标准验证它们。我不知道错过了什么，但它总是返回 HTTP 401 代码。

File HomeController.cs

        private string GenerateJSONWebToken(UserPaul userinfo)
        {
            var securityKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_config["Jwt:Key"]));
            var credentials = new SigningCredentials(securityKey, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
            var claims = new[]
            {
                new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub,userinfo.Username),
                new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Email,userinfo.Email),
                new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti,Guid.NewGuid().ToString()),
            };
            var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
                issuer: _config["Jwt:Issuer"],
                audience: _config["Jwt:Issuer"],
                claims,
                expires: DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(10),
                signingCredentials: credentials
                );
            var encodetoken = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token);
            var cookieOptions = new CookieOptions();         
            cookieOptions.HttpOnly = true;
            cookieOptions.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(1);
            //cookieOptions.Domain = Request.Host.Value;
            cookieOptions.Path = "/";
            Response.Cookies.Append("jwt", encodetoken, cookieOptions);
            return encodetoken;
        }
        [HttpPost]
        public IActionResult Login()
        {
            string AccountNumber="TestUser";
            JWTtokenMVC.Models.TestContext userQuery = new JWTtokenMVC.Models.TestContext();
            var query = userQuery.Testxxxx.Where(N => N.UserId ==AccountNumber).FirstOrDefault();
            IActionResult response = Unauthorized();
            if (query != null)
            {
                var tokenStr = GenerateJSONWebToken(query);
                response = Ok(new { token = tokenStr });
            }
            return response;
        }

        [Authorize]
        [HttpGet("Home/Oper")]
        public IActionResult Oper()
        {
            var authenticationCookieName = "jwt";
            var cookie = HttpContext.Request.Cookies[authenticationCookieName];
            List<Test_SHOW> sHOWs = new List<Test_SHOW>();
            JWTtokenMVC.Models.Test.TestContext userQuery= new JWTtokenMVC.Models.Test.TestContext();
            var query = userQuery.Test.Select(T => new Test_SHOW
            {number= T.number,name= T.name,mail= T.mail}).OrderBy(o => o.Iid);
            sHOWs.AddRange(query);

            return View("Views/Home/Oper.cshtml", sHOWs);
 
        }

这是启动.cs code

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.FileProviders;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;

namespace JWTtokenMVC
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllersWithViews();
            services.AddCors(options =>
            {
                options.AddPolicy("CorsPolicy", builder => builder.AllowAnyOrigin().AllowAnyMethod().AllowAnyHeader().AllowCredentials().Build());
            });

            services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
            .AddJwtBearer(options =>
            {
                options.IncludeErrorDetails = true;
                options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {

NameClaimType ="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/name",
                   
RoleClaimType = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2008/06/identity/claims/role",
                    ValidateIssuer = true,
                    ValidateAudience = false,
                    ValidateLifetime = true,
                    ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
                    ValidIssuer = Configuration["Jwt:Issuer"],
                    ValidAudience = Configuration["Jwt:Issuer"],
                    IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["Jwt:Key"])

                    )
                };

            });
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
                // The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
                app.UseHsts();
            }
            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseStaticFiles(new StaticFileOptions
            {
                FileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "node_modules")),
                RequestPath = "/" + "node_modules"
            });
            app.UseCookiePolicy();

            app.UseRouting();
            app.UseAuthentication();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}

Startup.cs 映像

Startup.cs 添加 UseAuthentication

所以我假设您正在尝试使用 Angular 项目来尝试 asp.net core。我认为您错过了将客户端 URL 添加到 .net core 项目的过程。AddCors对 IServiceCollection 的扩展调用只是注册所有必需的服务，但它不会将 Cors 中间件添加到 HTTP 请求管道。因此添加此代码app.UseCors(x => x.AllowAnyHeader().AllowAnyMethod().WithOrigins("https://localhost:4200"));在您的配置方法中。我认为它可以解决您的问题。

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                //clarify code
              
            }
            else{  

               //clarify code    

            }
            

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseCors(x => 
  x.AllowAnyHeader().AllowAnyMethod().WithOrigins("https://localhost:4200")); //your  client side URL.you are missing this unfortunately

            app.UseAuthentication();

            app.UseAuthorization();

           //clarify code
        }

UPDATE

Install Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors

只需删除AllowCredentials()它会解决你的问题。