我有一个 Spring Boot 应用程序，当它以经典方式连接到 Oracle 实例时，它可以顺利运行：
jdbc:oracle:thin:@<server name>:<port num>/<service name>
但是，当我通过存储在本地驱动器“C:\ORACLE\Client11g\network\admin”中的 tnsnames.ora 通过 tns 进行连接时，某些内容不起作用，并且出现以下异常：
Caused by: org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:267)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:231)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:210)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:51)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:240)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:210)
at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.handleTypes(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:352)
at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:111)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:858)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:885)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:60)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:353)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:373)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:362)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1642)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1579)
... 36 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.determineDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:100)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.buildDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:54)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:137)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:35)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:88)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:257)
... 52 more
10:37:32,201 ERROR [org.jboss.msc.service.fail] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 381) MSC000001: Failed to start service jboss.undertow.deployment.default-server.default-host./my_service: org.jboss.msc.service.StartException in service jboss.undertow.deployment.default-server.default-host./my_service: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [app/persistence/OracleConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
at org.wildfly.extension.undertow.deployment.UndertowDeploymentService$1.run(UndertowDeploymentService.java:85)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
at org.jboss.threads.JBossThread.run(JBossThread.java:320)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [app/persistence/OracleConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl.deploy(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:236)
at org.wildfly.extension.undertow.deployment.UndertowDeploymentService.startContext(UndertowDeploymentService.java:100)
at org.wildfly.extension.undertow.deployment.UndertowDeploymentService$1.run(UndertowDeploymentService.java:82)
... 6 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [app/persistence/OracleConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1583)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1081)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:856)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:761)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:371)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315)
at org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.run(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:151)
at org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.createRootApplicationContext(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:131)
at org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.onStartup(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:86)
at org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup(SpringServletContainerInitializer.java:169)
at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl$1.call(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:186)
at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl$1.call(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:171)
at io.undertow.servlet.core.ServletRequestContextThreadSetupAction$1.call(ServletRequestContextThreadSetupAction.java:42)
at io.undertow.servlet.core.ContextClassLoaderSetupAction$1.call(ContextClassLoaderSetupAction.java:43)
at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl.deploy(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:234)
... 8 more
以下是我的 application.properties + application-oracleprod.properties 文件。请记住，当我使用 SID 连接（如前所述）时，此方法有效。
应用程序属性：
spring.profiles.active=oracleprod
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=validate
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
hibernate.generate_statistics=true
application-oracleprod.properties（这里应该发生魔法，因为这个属性“oracle.net.tns_admin”设置了“tnsnames.ora”文件夹以及链接“@MY_SERVICE”，它显然存在于“tnsnames.ora”文件中，但我真的不明白 Oracle 在幕后做了什么）：
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
#/tnsnames.ora
oracle.net.tns_admin=C:/ORACLE/Client11g/network/admin
oracle.username=my_user
oracle.password=xyz
oracle.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@MY_SERVICE
Configuration 类简洁明了：
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="oracle" )
public class OracleConfiguration {
@NotNull
private String username;
@NotNull
private String password;
@NotNull
private String url;
/*@Value("${oracle.net.tns_admin}")
private String tns;*/
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
/*public void setTns(String tns) {
this.tns = tns;
}*/
@Bean
DataSource dataSource() throws SQLException {
OracleDataSource dataSource = new OracleDataSource(); // we use oracle data source API but it could be mysql
dataSource.setURL(this.url);
dataSource.setUser(this.username);
dataSource.setPassword(this.password);
dataSource.setImplicitCachingEnabled(true);
dataSource.setFastConnectionFailoverEnabled(true);
return dataSource;
}
@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
try {
em.setDataSource(dataSource());
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] { "app.persistence.entity" }); // put the name of entity classes package
JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
//em.setJpaProperties(additionalProperties()); // this properties are set by "application-oracle.properties" file
return em;
}
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory emf) {
JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(emf);
return transactionManager;
}
总而言之，我遵循了 Oracle 文档中建议的方法并结合 Spring Boot 配置文件/类，但没有成功。
我还尝试了不同的路径格式：
C:/ORACLE/Client11g/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
C:\ORACLE\Client11g\network\admin
C:\\ORACLE\\Client11g\\network\\admin
我认为我做得很好，因为使用 SID 连接一切都很完美，但可能缺少一些隐藏的东西。
UPDATE
事实证明，数据库 url 不正确，至少对于 TNS 连接而言是这样。问题是我们有多个主机，而不仅仅是一个主机：
MY_SERVICE =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(LOAD_BALANCE = off)
(FAILOVER = on)
(DESCRIPTION =
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 5)
(TRANSPORT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 3)
(RETRY_COUNT = 3)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(LOAD_BALANCE = on)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_1> )(PORT = 1621))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_2> )(PORT = 1621))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = <my_service_name>)
)
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 5)
(TRANSPORT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 3)
(RETRY_COUNT = 3)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(LOAD_BALANCE = on)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_3> )(PORT = 1621))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_4> )(PORT = 1621))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = <my_service_name> )
)
)
)
我得到了：
javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution
Caused by: java.sql.SQLRecoverableException: Errore di I/O: Unknown host specified
Caused by: oracle.net.ns.NetException: Unknown host specified "
再次，我有点困惑如何告诉 Spring 如何读取这个 TNS 配置。
任何想法？
