优化 PostgreSQL 中的查询

SELECT count(*) 
FROM contacts_lists 
     JOIN plain_contacts 
          ON contacts_lists.contact_id = plain_contacts.contact_id 
     JOIN contacts 
          ON contacts.id = plain_contacts.contact_id 
WHERE plain_contacts.has_email 
      AND NOT contacts.email_bad 
      AND NOT contacts.email_unsub 
      AND contacts_lists.list_id =67339

我怎样才能优化这个查询..你能解释一下吗...

为了清楚起见，重新格式化您的查询计划：

QUERY PLAN Aggregate (cost=126377.96..126377.97 rows=1 width=0)
  -> Hash Join (cost=6014.51..126225.38 rows=61033 width=0)
     Hash Cond: (contacts_lists.contact_id = plain_contacts.contact_id)
    -> Hash Join (cost=3067.30..121828.63 rows=61033 width=8)
       Hash Cond: (contacts_lists.contact_id = contacts.id)
      -> Index Scan using index_contacts_lists_on_list_id_and_contact_id
         on contacts_lists (cost=0.00..116909.97 rows=61033 width=4)
         Index Cond: (list_id = 66996)
         -> Hash (cost=1721.41..1721.41 rows=84551 width=4)
         -> Seq Scan on contacts (cost=0.00..1721.41 rows=84551 width=4)
            Filter: ((NOT email_bad) AND (NOT email_unsub))
            -> Hash (cost=2474.97..2474.97 rows=37779 width=4)
            -> Seq Scan on plain_contacts (cost=0.00..2474.97 rows=37779 width=4)
               Filter: has_email

两个部分索引might根据您的数据分布消除 seq 扫描：

-- if many contacts have bad emails or are unsubscribed:
CREATE INDEX contacts_valid_email_idx ON contacts (id)
WHERE (NOT email_bad AND NOT email_unsub);

-- if many contacts have no email:
CREATE INDEX plain_contacts_valid_email_idx ON plain_contacts (id)
WHERE (has_email);

您可能缺少外键索引：

CREATE INDEX plain_contacts_contact_id_idx ON plain_contacts (contact_id);

最后但并非最不重要的一点是，如果您从未分析过数据，则需要运行：

VACUUM ANALYZE;

如果完成所有操作后仍然很慢，那么除了合并 plain_contacts 和联系人表之外，您无能为力：尽管有上述索引，但获取上述查询计划意味着您的大多数/所有订阅者都订阅了该计划特定列表——在这种情况下，上面的查询计划是您将获得的最快的。