为什么manage.pysyncdb无法连接到google云sql数据库？

在最近更新 Google App Engine 上的应用程序期间，我正在使用以下内容更新数据库：

SETTINGS_MODE='prod' ./manage.py syncdb

我上次运行它时有效，但现在我收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 242, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 415, in handle
    return self.handle_noargs(**options)
  File "/c/clients/green_rentals/code/green-rental/south/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 92, in handle_noargs
    syncdb.Command().execute(**options)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 415, in handle
    return self.handle_noargs(**options)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 57, in handle_noargs
    cursor = connection.cursor()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 159, in cursor
    cursor = util.CursorWrapper(self._cursor(), self)
  File "/c/downloads/python/google_appengine/google/storage/speckle/python/django/backend/base.py", line 263, in _cursor
    if not self._valid_connection():
  File "/c/downloads/python/google_appengine/google/storage/speckle/python/django/backend/base.py", line 258, in _valid_connection
    return super(DatabaseWrapper, self)._valid_connection()
AttributeError: 'super' object has no attribute '_valid_connection'

我尝试将 Google App Engine SDK 更新到最新版本（1.8.8），并且还尝试使用 oauth 重新进行身份验证（有效）。但仍然收到相同的消息。有什么线索可以解释为什么吗？

提前致谢！

Edit:

看来我用于数据库连接的设置最近已更改。我以前用过：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'google.appengine.ext.django.backends.rdbms',
        'INSTANCE': 'project-id:instance-id',
        'NAME': 'name',
    }
}

但现在的建议是：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'HOST': '/cloudsql/your-project-id:your-instance-name',
        'NAME': 'database-name',
        'USER': 'mysql-user',
    }
}

更新后，我现在收到一个新错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 242, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 415, in handle
    return self.handle_noargs(**options)
  File "/c/clients/green_rentals/code/green-rental/south/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 89, in handle_noargs
    db.connection_init() 
  File "/c/clients/green_rentals/code/green-rental/south/db/mysql.py", line 180, in connection_init
    cursor = self._get_connection().cursor()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 159, in cursor
    cursor = util.CursorWrapper(self._cursor(), self)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 129, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 124, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 99, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 124, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 112, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 435, in get_new_connection
    conn = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 81, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 187, in __init__
    super(Connection, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs2)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/cloudsql/your-project-id:your-instance-name' (2)")

（其中 your-project-id:your-instance-name 已适当更改）。

Intro

我将在这里为那些也被此问题绊倒的人留下更详细的答案，我意识到另一个已经被接受，但希望这会对某人有所帮助。在撰写本文时，我们使用的是 Django 1.6。

基本上可以归结为：Django CloudSQL 文档目前，Google App Engine 的过时的。他们利用 OAuth2 连接机制，这种机制充其量是笨重的，如果你使用的是syncdb来自无头 Vagrant/虚拟机内部的管理命令，因为它要求您有一个支持 Javascript 的浏览器来实际检索令牌（除非您使用gflags库的全局状态，但这是另一天的故事），这显然在命令行上相当麻烦（我相信只有 elinks 有 CLI JS 支持，而 Ubuntu 存储库版本不包括 js 支持..）

在 Google App Engine Web 控制台中进行设置

如果你去这个link您将找到有关连接实例的新方法的说明。这可以通过在 Web 控制台中进行一些点击来实现：

1. 将公共 IP 分配给 Cloud SQL 实例（如果有帮助的话，可以将其视为 AWS 弹性 IP）。
2. 允许您的本地 IP 地址/范围访问 Cloud SQL 实例。

更正您的 Django 设置

对于生产实例在 App Engine 上运行 itself:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'HOST': '/cloudsql/project-name:instance-name',
        'NAME': 'name_of_pre_created_database',
        'USER': 'root_or_pre_created_user',
    }
}

对于开发实例连接到生产 Cloud SQL 实例:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'HOST': '198.198.88.88', 
        'NAME': 'name_of_pre_created_database',
        'USER': 'root_or_pre_created_user',
        'PASSWORD': 'password_of_pre_created_or_root_user',
    }
}

其中 198.198.88.88 是 Google 在您请求后自动分配给您的 Cloud SQL 实例的 IP 地址（见上文）。请记住，您需要从允许访问该特定 Cloud SQL 实例的 IP 进行连接。

有了这个，google.appengine.ext.django.backends.rdbms可以咬住灰尘（松一口气）。