更新:从 XML 文档或 XML 片段获取编码:
这是一种无需求助于假根即可获取编码的方法,使用XmlReader.Create.
private static string GetXmlEncoding(string xmlString)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(xmlString)) throw new ArgumentException("The provided string value is null or empty.");
using (var stringReader = new StringReader(xmlString))
{
var settings = new XmlReaderSettings { ConformanceLevel = ConformanceLevel.Fragment };
using (var xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(stringReader, settings))
{
if (!xmlReader.Read()) throw new ArgumentException(
"The provided XML string does not contain enough data to be valid XML (see https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.xmlreader.read)");
var result = xmlReader.GetAttribute("encoding");
return result;
}
}
}
下面是输出,包含完整的 XML 和片段 XML:
如果你想要System.Text.Encoding,你可以修改代码如下:
private static Encoding GetXmlEncoding(string xmlString)
{
using (StringReader stringReader = new StringReader(xmlString))
{
var settings = new XmlReaderSettings { ConformanceLevel = ConformanceLevel.Fragment };
var reader = XmlReader.Create(stringReader, settings);
reader.Read();
var encoding = reader.GetAttribute("encoding");
var result = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding);
return result;
}
}
旧答案:
正如你提到的,XmlTextReader的编码-property 包含编码。
这是完整的控制台应用程序的源代码,希望有用:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var asciiXML = @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""ASCII""?><note><to>Tove</to><from>Jani</from><heading>Reminder</heading><body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body></note>";
var utf8XML = @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""UTF-8""?><note><to>Tove</to><from>Jani</from><heading>Reminder</heading><body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body></note>";
var asciiResult = GetXmlEncoding(asciiXML);
var utfResult = GetXmlEncoding(utf8XML);
Console.WriteLine(asciiResult);
Console.WriteLine(utfResult);
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static Encoding GetXmlEncoding(string s)
{
var stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s));
using (var xmlreader = new XmlTextReader(stream))
{
xmlreader.MoveToContent();
var encoding = xmlreader.Encoding;
return encoding;
}
}
}
这是程序的输出:
如果您知道 XML 仅包含声明,也许您可以添加一个空根?例如:
var fragmentResult = GetXmlEncoding(xmlFragment + "<root/>");