匹配给定 IP 范围/掩码的 IPv4 地址？

使用 PHP 或 RegExp（或两者），如何匹配 IP 地址范围？

传入 IP 示例

10.210.12.12
10.253.12.12
10.210.12.254
10.210.12.95
10.210.12.60

样本范围

10.210.12.0/24
10.210.12.0/16
10.210.*.*
10.*.*.*

我知道我可以这样做：

?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)

...但它没有考虑范围。它只是让您匹配传入的号码，看看它是否是每个八位字节为 0-255 的 IP 地址。

EDIT:

我在 php.net 上关于 ip2long 函数的评论中还发现了这个函数。

function ip_in_network($ip, $net_addr, $net_mask){ 
    if($net_mask <= 0){ return false; } 
        $ip_binary_string = sprintf("%032b",ip2long($ip)); 
        $net_binary_string = sprintf("%032b",ip2long($net_addr)); 
        return (substr_compare($ip_binary_string,$net_binary_string,0,$net_mask) === 0); 
} 

ip_in_network("192.168.2.1","192.168.2.0",24); //true 
ip_in_network("192.168.6.93","192.168.0.0",16); //true 
ip_in_network("1.6.6.6","128.168.2.0",1); //false

它简短而甜蜜，但与星号的情况不匹配。我也不知道它是否完全准确，因为当我认为它是错误的时，它会返回一个真实的结果：

echo ip_in_network("192.168.2.1","192.167.0.0",1);

...但也许我误解了 /1 是什么。也许我需要使用/24。

我改编了 php.net 的答案并使其变得更好。

function netMatch($network, $ip) {
    $network=trim($network);
    $orig_network = $network;
    $ip = trim($ip);
    if ($ip == $network) {
        echo "used network ($network) for ($ip)\n";
        return TRUE;
    }
    $network = str_replace(' ', '', $network);
    if (strpos($network, '*') !== FALSE) {
        if (strpos($network, '/') !== FALSE) {
            $asParts = explode('/', $network);
            $network = @ $asParts[0];
        }
        $nCount = substr_count($network, '*');
        $network = str_replace('*', '0', $network);
        if ($nCount == 1) {
            $network .= '/24';
        } else if ($nCount == 2) {
            $network .= '/16';
        } else if ($nCount == 3) {
            $network .= '/8';
        } else if ($nCount > 3) {
            return TRUE; // if *.*.*.*, then all, so matched
        }
    }

    echo "from original network($orig_network), used network ($network) for ($ip)\n";

    $d = strpos($network, '-');
    if ($d === FALSE) {
        $ip_arr = explode('/', $network);
        if (!preg_match("@\d*\.\d*\.\d*\.\d*@", $ip_arr[0], $matches)){
            $ip_arr[0].=".0";    // Alternate form 194.1.4/24
        }
        $network_long = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
        $x = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
        $mask = long2ip($x) == $ip_arr[1] ? $x : (0xffffffff << (32 - $ip_arr[1]));
        $ip_long = ip2long($ip);
        return ($ip_long & $mask) == ($network_long & $mask);
    } else {
        $from = trim(ip2long(substr($network, 0, $d)));
        $to = trim(ip2long(substr($network, $d+1)));
        $ip = ip2long($ip);
        return ($ip>=$from and $ip<=$to);
    }
}

function ech($b) {
    if ($b) {
        echo "MATCHED\n";
    } else {
        echo "DID NOT MATCH\n";
    }
}

echo "CLASS A TESTS\n";
ech(netMatch('10.168.1.0-10.168.1.100', '10.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('10.168.*.*', '10.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('10.168.0.0/16', '10.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('10.169.1.0/24', '10.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('10.168.1.90', '10.168.1.90'));
echo "\nCLASS B TESTS\n";
ech(netMatch('130.168.1.0-130.168.1.100', '130.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('130.168.*.*', '130.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('130.168.0.0/16', '130.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('130.169.1.0/24', '130.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('130.168.1.90', '130.168.1.90'));
echo "\nCLASS C TESTS\n";
ech(netMatch('192.168.1.0-192.168.1.100', '192.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('192.168.*.*', '192.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('192.168.0.0/16', '192.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('192.169.1.0/24', '192.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('192.168.1.90', '192.168.1.90'));
echo "\nCLASS D TESTS\n";
ech(netMatch('230.168.1.0-230.168.1.100', '230.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('230.168.*.*', '230.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('230.168.0.0/16', '230.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('230.169.1.0/24', '230.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('230.168.1.90', '230.168.1.90'));
echo "\nCLASS E TESTS\n";
ech(netMatch('250.168.1.0-250.168.1.100', '250.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('250.168.*.*', '250.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('250.168.0.0/16', '250.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('250.169.1.0/24', '250.168.1.90'));
ech(netMatch('250.168.1.90', '250.168.1.90'));

结果是：

CLASS A TESTS
from orig network (10.168.1.0-10.168.1.100) used network (10.168.1.0-10.168.1.100) for (10.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (10.168.*.*) used network (10.168.0.0/16) for (10.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (10.168.0.0/16) used network (10.168.0.0/16) for (10.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (10.169.1.0/24) used network (10.169.1.0/24) for (10.168.1.90)
DID NOT MATCH
used network (10.168.1.90) for (10.168.1.90)
MATCHED

CLASS B TESTS
from orig network (130.168.1.0-130.168.1.100) used network (130.168.1.0-130.168.1.100) for (130.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (130.168.*.*) used network (130.168.0.0/16) for (130.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (130.168.0.0/16) used network (130.168.0.0/16) for (130.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (130.169.1.0/24) used network (130.169.1.0/24) for (130.168.1.90)
DID NOT MATCH
used network (130.168.1.90) for (130.168.1.90)
MATCHED

CLASS C TESTS
from orig network (192.168.1.0-192.168.1.100) used network (192.168.1.0-192.168.1.100) for (192.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (192.168.*.*) used network (192.168.0.0/16) for (192.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (192.168.0.0/16) used network (192.168.0.0/16) for (192.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (192.169.1.0/24) used network (192.169.1.0/24) for (192.168.1.90)
DID NOT MATCH
used network (192.168.1.90) for (192.168.1.90)
MATCHED

CLASS D TESTS
from orig network (230.168.1.0-230.168.1.100) used network (230.168.1.0-230.168.1.100) for (230.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (230.168.*.*) used network (230.168.0.0/16) for (230.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (230.168.0.0/16) used network (230.168.0.0/16) for (230.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (230.169.1.0/24) used network (230.169.1.0/24) for (230.168.1.90)
DID NOT MATCH
used network (230.168.1.90) for (230.168.1.90)
MATCHED

CLASS E TESTS
from orig network (250.168.1.0-250.168.1.100) used network (250.168.1.0-250.168.1.100) for (250.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (250.168.*.*) used network (250.168.0.0/16) for (250.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (250.168.0.0/16) used network (250.168.0.0/16) for (250.168.1.90)
MATCHED
from orig network (250.169.1.0/24) used network (250.169.1.0/24) for (250.168.1.90)
DID NOT MATCH
used network (250.168.1.90) for (250.168.1.90)
MATCHED