python docx处理word文档中表格合并问题

问题描述

python中用docx库读取word文件，若word文件中包含合并的表格表格

则通过docx读取显示：

file = docx.Document(path)
for table in file.tables:
    for row in table.rows:
        for cell in row.cells:
            print(cell.text)

结果为：
1-1
1-1
1-3
1-4
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
3-1
3-1
3-3
2-4
3-1
3-1
4-3
4-3
合并的单元格会重复显示，如1-1会显示两次；
如果在循环中改变cell.text内容，则保存后会重复显示

for table in file.tables:
    for row in table.rows:
        for cell in row.cells:
            cell.text = cell.text + 'test'
file.save(path2)

解决方案

打印cell发现合并的单元格虽然重复但公用内存地址：
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb1d0>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb1d0>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb630>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb400>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb9b0>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb9e8>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb240>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb710>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb780>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeb780>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbebac8>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeba90>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeba20>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbeba20>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbebba8>,
<docx.table._Cell at 0xbbebbe0>
所以，可先判断cell是否重复再修改cell.text,
代码：

cell_set = []
for table in file.tables:
   for row in table.rows:
       for cell in row.cells:
           if cell not in cell_set:
               cell_set.append(cell)
               cell.text = cell.text + 'test'

执行结果：

补充：

按行打印时，按行合并的单元格地址相同，按列合并的单元格地址还是不相同，所以还需按列找出重复的单元格，再与按行找到的单元格合并去重，才能解决这个问题：

    row_cells, column_cells = [], []
    index = []
    width, length = len(table.columns), len(table.rows)
    k = 0
    for row in table.rows:
        for cell in row.cells:
            if cell not in row_cells:
                index.append([k//width, k%width])
                row_cells.append(cell)
            k += 1
    k = 0
    for column in table.columns:
        for cell in column.cells:
            if cell not in column_cells:
                column_cells.append(cell)
            elif [k%length, k//length] in index:
                index.remove([k%length, k//length])
            k += 1
    # index即为找到的单元格索引
    for i in index:
        table.rows[i[0]].cells[i[1]].text += 'test'

执行结果：

之所以没有直接按索引搜索cell添加到row_cells和colums_cells中是因为直接按索引查找的cell合并的单元格地址也不相同
虽然方法繁琐，但总算可用，如有好的解决方案欢迎讨论~