亲娘啊，大概8号前后开始，到15号翻译完，除去周末，大概用了6天，每天空的时候花大概一个多小时到两个小时翻译一点点，终于弄完了。
nature好难啊，语法倒是没有太多的长难句，生词太多了。
看来很有可能要转战扇贝阅读了。
Innate immunity might be the key to why children have fared better with the virus. But the Delta variant poses fresh unknowns.
天生的免疫力可能是孩子们在对抗COVID-19病毒上比成年人表现更好的关键。但是德尔塔变异体又带来了全新未知的问题。
Early last year, children’s hospitals across New York City had to pivot to deal with a catastrophic COVID-19 outbreak.
去年初，整个纽约的儿童医院不得不转向去应对COVID-19灾难性的爆发。
“We all had to quickly learn — or semi-learn — how to take care of adults,” says Betsy Herold, a paediatric infectious-disease physician who heads a virology laboratory at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
“我们必须去快速的学习，或者半学习去照顾成年人”，爱因斯坦医学院的病毒实验室主任兼儿科传染病医生Betsy Herold说。
The reason: while hospitals across the city were bursting with patients, paediatric wards were relatively quiet. Children were somehow protected from the worst of the disease.
原因是：当整个城市的医院都被人满为患的时候，儿科病房却相对平稳。不知为何，孩子们在这场最严重的疾病中被保护了。
Data collected by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from hospitals across the country suggest that people under the age of 18 have accounted for less than 2% of hospitalizations due to COVID-19 — a total of 3,649 children between March 2020 and late August 2021.
US疾控中心公布的从2020年3月到2021年8月底全国医院总计3649名儿童的数据表明，年龄在18岁以下，因为COVID-19住院治疗的人数不超过2%。
Some children do get very sick, and more than 420 have died in the United States, but the majority of those with severe illness have been adults — a trend that has been borne out in many parts of the world.
有一些孩子病情确实很严重，而且全美有超过420名儿童死亡，但是大多数重症患者是成年人，并且在世界上很多地区都有这个趋势。
This makes SARS-CoV-2 somewhat anomalous. For most other viruses, from influenza to respiratory syncytial virus, young children and older adults are typically the most vulnerable; the risk of bad outcomes by age can be represented by a U-shaped curve. But with COVID-19, the younger end of that curve is largely chopped off.
这一点和 SARS-CoV-2相反。对大多数病毒来说，从流感到呼吸道病毒，幼儿和老年人是典型的易感染人群，重症风险和年纪关系可通过U型曲线来表示。但是对于COVID-19，幼儿的曲线被大大的砍掉了。（好难翻译啊，大概就是年纪和重症风险在二维坐标系上是U型曲线，但是在新冠上，U型的左边，即幼儿的部分，曲线被画平了，那不就是y≈x²，大概这样的吧。）
It’s “absolutely remarkable”, says Kawsar Talaat, an infectious-disease physician at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland. “One of the few silver linings of this pandemic is that children are relatively spared.”
位于马里兰Baltimore 约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院传染病医生 Kawsar Talaat说：“太反常了。这场疫情唯一的一点慰藉是，孩子们相对幸免。”
The phenomenon was not entirely surprising to immunologists, however. With other viruses, adults have the advantage of experience. Through prior infection or vaccination, their immune systems have been trained to deal with similar-looking pathogens.
然而，这种现象对免疫学家来说不足为奇。成人在其他的病毒上有经验的优势，通过既往感染或者疫苗，成人免疫系统被训练能对抗相似的病原体。
The novelty of SARS-CoV-2 levelled the playing field, and showed that children are naturally better at controlling viral infections.
SARS-CoV-2的新颖性和运动性？传播性？同等，同时也表明了儿童天生能更好的控制病毒感染。
“We always think of children as germ factories,” says Dusan Bogunovic, an immunologist and geneticist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, in New York City. But it’s not because their immune systems are ineffective; they’re just inexperienced, he says.
“我们一般把儿童当成细菌工厂”，免疫学兼遗传学家Dusan Bogunovic（头衔就省了，太长了。）说：“这倒并不是因为他们的免疫系统无效，是因为免疫系统没有任何经验。”
Research is beginning to reveal that the reason children have fared well against COVID-19 could lie in the innate immune response — the body’s crude but swift reaction to pathogens.
研究开始展示了儿童在应对COVID-19上表现更好的原因可能是天生的免疫反应--身体应对病原体天然又迅速的反应。
pathogens：病原体
Kids seem to have an innate response that’s “revved up and ready to go”, says Herold. But she adds that more studies are needed to fully support that hypothesis.
孩子们似乎有天生的反应，即“做好准备随时出击”，Herold说。但是她补充道，还需要更多的研究来完全支持这个假设。
revved up：做好准备的
The emergence of the Delta variant has made finding answers more urgent. Reports suggest that in the United States and elsewhere, children are starting to make up a larger proportion of reported infections and hospitalizations. These trends might be due to Delta’s high tran
