多对一（association标签）
- 老师和学生的例子
- 以学生为出发点，就是一个多对一的例子，即多个学生关联一个老师！
首先搭建数据库
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '羊羊');
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小羊', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小锅', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小虎', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小狗', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小明', '1');
利用lombok简化代码
1、Lombok
2、引入Lombok的Maven依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>
3、在代码中增加注解
@Data //GET,SET,ToString，有参，无参构造
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
}
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
//多个学生可以是同一个老师，即多对一
private Teacher teacher;
}
4、编写实体类对应的Mapper接口
public interface StudentMapper {
}
public interface TeacherMapper {
}
5、编写Mapper接口对应的 mapper.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yang.mapper.StudentMapper">
</mapper>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yang.mapper.TeacherMapper">
</mapper>
复杂查询，获取所有学生及对应老师的信息
- 两种方法实现
- 按查询嵌套处理（像SQL中的子查询）
- 按结果嵌套处理（像SQL中的联表查询）
1、给StudentMapper接口增加方法
public List<Student> getStudents(); //查询嵌套处理
public List<Student> getStudents2(); //结果嵌套处理
2、编写对应的Mapper文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yang.mapper.StudentMapper">
<!--
查询嵌套处理
-->
<select id="getStudents" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<!--association关联属性 property属性名 javaType属性类型 column在多的一方的表中的列名-->
<association property="teacher" column="tid"javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<!--
这里传递过来的id，只有一个属性的时候，下面可以写任何值
association中column多参数配置：
column="{key=value,key=value}"
其实就是键值对的形式，key是传给下个sql的取值名称，value是片段一中sql查询的字段名。
-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
<!--
按查询结果嵌套处理
-->
<select id="getStudents2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2" >
select s.id sid, s.name sname , t.name tname
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<!--关联对象property 关联对象在Student实体类中的属性-->
<association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
3、记得注册Mapper
4、注意点说明：
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<!--association关联属性 property属性名 javaType属性类型 column在多的一方的表中的列名-->
<association property="teacher" column="{id=tid,name=tid}"javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<!--
这里传递过来的id，只有一个属性的时候，下面可以写任何值
association中column多参数配置：
column="{key=value,key=value}"
其实就是键值对的形式，key是传给下个sql的取值名称，value是片段一中sql查询的字段名。
-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{id} and name = #{name}
</select>
5、测试
@Test
public void testGetStudents(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
StudentMapper mapper =session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<Student> students = mapper.getStudents();
for (Student student : students){
System.out.println(
"学生名:"+ student.getName()
+"\t老师:"+student.getTeacher().getName());
}
}
@Test
public void testGetStudents2(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
StudentMapper mapper =session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<Student> students = mapper.getStudents2();
for (Student student : students){
System.out.println(
"学生名:"+ student.getName()
+"\t老师:"+student.getTeacher().getName());
}
}
一对多的处理
- 老师和学生的例子
- 以老师为出发点，就是一个多对一的例子，即一个老师关联多个学生！
环境相同，使用两种方法分别实现
按结果嵌套处理
1、TeacherMapper接口编写方法
//获取指定老师，及老师下的所有学生
public Teacher getTeacher(int id);
2、编写接口对应的Mapper配置文件
<mapper namespace="com.yang.mapper.TeacherMapper">
<!--
思路:
1. 从学生表和老师表中查出学生id，学生姓名，老师姓名
2. 对查询出来的操作做结果集映射
1. 集合的话，使用collection！
JavaType和ofType都是用来指定对象类型的
JavaType是用来指定pojo中属性的类型
ofType指定的是映射到list集合属性中pojo的类型。
-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
select s.id sid, s.name sname , t.name tname, t.id tid
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id and t.id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid" />
<result property="name" column="sname" />
<result property="tid" column="tid" />
</collection>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
3、将Mapper文件注册到MyBatis-config文件中
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/TeacherMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
4、测试
@Test
public void testGetTeacher(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
TeacherMapper mapper =session.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher(1);
System.out.println(teacher.getName());
System.out.println(teacher.getStudents());
}
按查询嵌套处理
1、TeacherMapper接口编写方法
public Teacher getTeacher2(int id);
2、编写接口对应的Mapper配置文件
<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
<!--column是一对多的外键 , 写的是一的主键的列名-->
<collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList"ofType="Student" column="id" select="getStudentByTeacherId"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
select * from student where tid = #{id}
</select>
3、将Mapper文件注册到MyBatis-config文件中
4、测试
@Test
public void testGetTeacher2(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
TeacherMapper mapper =session.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher2(1);
System.out.println(teacher.getName());
System.out.println(teacher.getStudents());
}
