# 更新软件包列表
apt update
# 安装mysql服务
apt install mysql-server
# 使用mysqladmin工具查看mysql版本
mysqladmin --version
# 启动mysql服务
systemctl start mysql
# 查看mysql服务运行状态
systemctl status mysql
首先通过在root用户下执行 mysql 命令进入mysql命令行界面，然后执行SQL语句 alter user 'root'@'localhost' indentified with mysql_native_password by '密码'; 指定数据库管理员密码。
root@iZwz9fsfltolu74amg1v0rZ:/home/atreus# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' indentified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
root@iZwz9fsfltolu74amg1v0rZ:/home/atreus#
管理员密码初始化完成后就能通过 mysql -u root -p 命令以root用户连接到数据库了。
root@iZwz9fsfltolu74amg1v0rZ:/home/atreus# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
首先通过 vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 命令打开mysql配置文件，找到 bind-address 将其修改为 0.0.0.0。修改完成后通过 systemctl restart mysql 重启mysql服务。
通过 mysql -u root -p 命令连接到数据库，然后依次执行以下SQL语句：
# 切换数据库
use mysql;
# 查看状态
select host, user, plugin from user;
# 允许所有主机以root用户访问数据库
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
# 刷新权限数据
flush privileges;
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select host, user, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host | user | plugin |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root | mysql_native_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
root@iZwz9fsfltolu74amg1v0rZ:/home/atreus#
在本机测试远程连接：
atreus@MacBook-Pro % mysql -h 120.78.188.0 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.33-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database |
+---------------------+
| README_TO_RECOVER_A |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
atreus@MacBook-Pro %
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38924500/article/details/106261971
