本文内容来自于周志华老师在2007年的报告《做研究与写论文》
首先讲到研究与研发的区别，其主要区别在于“新”：
科学研究可以扩展人类的知识，没有科学研究就没有技术进步
研究的基本过成可以分为TPIC，即Topic -> Problem -> Idea -> Concrete work (theoretical analysis, experiments).
计算机科学发展到今天，已经是一个非常广袤的学，先要进入一个具体的分支学科和领域，并获 得必要的了解（如NLP，CV等）。即使在一个分支学科和领域中，也有太多的话题（如NLP中的文本分类，文本摘要，预训练模型等）。
热点分布与可能对应的研究现状如下图所示：
“问题”是科学研究的心脏 !
“问题”其实才是研究的真正开始
你也许会有很多idea，导师可以帮助你判断、改善 有了好的idea，问题就解决了一大半；
如果一下想不到好的idea，不要着急；
博士期间能做出一项重要的工作就已经很好了。
Idea需要得到支持 CS里面通常是理论分析和实验验证。
理论分析往往需要比较好的数学功底，实验验证通常需要较好的实验设计能力。
没有相应的能力怎么办？
两者都不容易，到博士念完，至少在某方面应该是得心应手了。
理论分析
实验验证
必要的分析和解释
Topic -> Problem -> Idea -> Concrete work
对一项具体的CS研究工作来说:
你需要说的其实就是这些 :
科学论文有比较清晰的结构，一般包括 :
清楚地表达出主要工作
An example:
Purpose: Summarize your contributions
Style:
Purpose: Background and organization of the paper
Style:
Purpose: Why your work, the differences
Style:
Don’t over-criticize previous works
Purpose: Introduce your work
Style:
If you were the reader, what questions will you ask?
Purpose: Theoretical support to your work
Style:
Put tedious details in Appendix
Purpose: Experimental support to your work
Style:
Experimental design
Be sure that other researchers can repeat your experiments according to your descriptions
Comparison
Discussion
What is revealed by the experiments?
Put tedious details in Appendix
Purpose: The relationship between your work and some very related works
Style:
Purpose: Summary and future work
Style:
Acknowledgement Reference Appendix
The more, the better
Don’t provide too many “new” ideas in a paper. Try your best to focus on your core work
The more complex, the better
Try to make your paper easy to be understood.
Remember: You are showing your thoughts instead of confusing the readers
Mathematical language is to help you clearly express your thoughts, not to show your depth
The more selling, the better
Don’t exaggerate too much on your work. The reviewers/readers will judge it.
The more authoritative, the better
Don’t refer too many own work while ignoring others
Don’t behave as a bigshot if you were not
Read more, write more
Use good papers as samples to simulate but not to copy
Use simple sentences
Not to show your elegance unless you are very famous
Try to avoid syntax errors
Good work won’t be rejected for syntax, but at least the paper should be readable
Make your abbreviations easy to be pronounced
Typeset according to the requirements of the target
Revise, revise, and revise
Improve from comments
论文是为研究工作服务的
古今做学问者必经的三个境界:
学问苦乐，日久自悟
