vscode配置opencv环境【完整版】

1.安装MinGW
并配置环境变量path

在终端输入gcc -v验证

2.安装cmake
3.官方下载opencv源码source
在cmake中编译，新建D:\opencv目录
先执行configure再执行generate

opencv目录下终端输入mingw32-make -j 8
完成后在输入
mingw32-make install
至此编译完成。
4.配置json文件
c_cpp_properties.json配置修改注释掉的两行

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "D:\\opencv\\install\\include",
                "D:\\opencv\\install\\include\\opencv",
                "D:\\opencv\\install\\include\\opencv2"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.19041.0",
            //"compilerPath": "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.31.31103/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe",
            "compilerPath": "D:/mingw64/bin/g++.exe",
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            //"intelliSenseMode": "windows-msvc-x64"
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64"

        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

tasks.json配置在args下添加

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++.exe 生成活动文件",
            "command": "D:\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "-I",
                "D:\\opencv\\install\\include",
                "-I",
                "D:\\opencv\\install\\include\\opencv",
                "-I",
                "D:\\opencv\\install\\include\\opencv2",
                "-L",
                "D:\\opencv\\bin",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_calib3d3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_core3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_dnn3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_features2d3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_flann3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_highgui3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_imgcodecs3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_imgproc3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_ml3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_objdetect3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_photo3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_shape3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_stitching3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_superres3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_video3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_videoio3416",
                "-l",
                "libopencv_videostab3416",
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv){
    Mat image;
    image = cv::imread("1.jpg");
    imshow("image",image);
    waitKey(0);
    //if(image.data== nullptr)//nullptr是c++11新出现的空指针常量
    //{
    //    cout<<"图片文件不存在"<<endl;
    //    return 0;
    //}
    //else
    //    cout<<image<<endl;//你会发现图片就是一个矩阵
    return 0;
}
如果其间遇到问题
VScode:ERROR: Unable to start debugging. Unexpected GDB output from command “-exec-run“
原因：windows 环境变量中的设置顺序问题，导致 libstdc++ -6.dll 文件冲突了
简单来说就是 mingw64\bin 环境变量位置在后面， 导致 gdb 调试时选择的 libstdc++ -6.dll 不是 mingw64\bin 中的，而是前面的环境变量中的该文件
解决方法
方法一、将 mingw64\bin 中的 libstdc++ -6.dll 拷贝到项目目录
或者参考

测试代码