phpspreadsheet excel导入导出

2023-11-06

单个sheet页Excel2003版最大行数是65536行。Excel2007开始的版本最大行数是1048576行。Excel2003的最大列数是256列，2007以上版本是16384列。

xlswriter

xlswriter - PHP 高性能 Excel 扩展，功能类似phpspreadsheet。它能够处理非常大的文件，同时保持内存使用率非常低。

/**
 * 使用php扩展导出文件（大数据方案）
 *
 * @param $fileName
 * @param $header
 * @param $list
 * @throws \Exception
 */
public function xlsWriter($fileName, $header, $list)
{
    if (!extension_loaded('xlswriter')) {
        throw new \Exception('请先安装php的xlswriter扩展');
    }
    $config = ['path' => $this->_path];
    $excel = new \Vtiful\Kernel\Excel($config);
    //WPS需要关闭 zip64，否则打开文件可能报文件损坏；该问题已反馈给WPS，修复进度未知。第三个参数 False 即为关闭 ZIP64
    $fileObject = $excel->constMemory($fileName, NULL, false);
    $fileHandle = $fileObject->getHandle();
    $format = new \Vtiful\Kernel\Format($fileHandle);
    $boldStyle = $format->bold()->toResource();

    $data = [];
    foreach ($list as $info) {
        $row = [];
        foreach ($header as $key => $title) {
            $row[] = $info[$key];
        }
        $data[] = $row;
    }
    $fileObject->freezePanes(1, 0)->setRow('A1', 20, $boldStyle)  //固定表头设置样式
        ->header(array_values($header))
        ->data($data)->output();
}

// 读取文件
$data = $excel->openFile('text.xlsx')->openSheet()->getSheetData();

IDE Helper

composer require viest/php-ext-xlswriter-ide-helper:dev-master

导出100万行数据（单行27列，数据类型均为字符串，单个字符串长度为19）

普通模式：耗时 29S，内存只需 2083MB；
固定内存模式：仅需 52S，内存仅需 <1MB；

导入100万行数据（单行1列，数据类型为INT）

全量模式：耗时 3S，内存仅 558MB；
游标模式：耗时 2.8S，内存仅 <1MB

wget https://pecl.php.net/get/xlswriter-1.3.6.tgz
tar -zxvf xlswriter-1.3.6.tgz
cd xlswriter-1.3.6
phpize
./configure --enable-reader 
make && make install

[xlswriter]
extension=xlswriter.so

phpspreadsheet

php spreadsheet是phpexcel的下一个版本。它打破了兼容性，大大提高了代码基础质量（名称空间、PSR兼容性、使用最新的PHP语言功能等）。因为所有的努力都转移到了phpspreadsheet，phpexcel将不再被维护。对phpexcel、补丁和新功能的所有贡献都应该以phpspreadsheet主分支为目标。

//创建一个处理对象实例
$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$spreadsheet->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
$objActSheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

由于Office2003兼容性包中的错误，打开Xlsx电子表格时可能会出现一些小问题（主要与公式计算有关）。您可以使用以下代码启用Office2003兼容性：

$writer = new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->setOffice2003Compatibility(true);
$writer->save("05featuredemo.xlsx");

//设置文档基本属性
$spreadsheet->getProperties()
    ->setCreator("Helloweba")    //作者
    ->setLastModifiedBy("Yuegg") //最后修改者
    ->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document")  //标题
    ->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document") //副标题
    ->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.") //描述
    ->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php") //关键字
    ->setCategory("Test result file"); //分类

//设置当前的sheet索引，用于后续的内容操作。一般只有在使用多个sheet的时候才需要显示调用。
//缺省情况下，PHPExcel会自动创建第一个sheet被设置SheetIndex=0
$spreadsheet->setActiveSheetIndex(0);

//创建新的工作标签
$newSheet = $spreadsheet->createSheet();

//设置当前活动sheet的名称
$objActSheet->setTitle('测试Sheet');

设置单元格格式为文本

//公式
$objActSheet->setCellValue('A4','=SUM(A2:A2)');
$objActSheet->setCellValue('K6', '=F6+G6+H6');

//显式指定内容类型
$objActSheet->setCellValueExplicit('A5','8757584',\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\DataType::TYPE_STRING);

$objActSheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('3')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat::FORMAT_TEXT);

//使用\n进行单元格内换行
$value = "Hello World!" . PHP_EOL . "Next Line";
$sheet->setCellValue('A1', $value);
$sheet->getStyle('A1')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true);

//合并单元格
$objActSheet->mergeCells('B1:C22');

//分离单元格
$objActSheet->unmergeCells('B1:C22');

//插入行或列
$objActSheet->insertNewRowBefore(6, 10);
$objActSheet->removeRow(6, 10);
$objActSheet->insertNewColumnBefore('E', 5);
$objActSheet->removeColumn('E', 5);

默认设置：默认字体大小，宽度，高度，对齐方式

//worksheet默认style设置(和默认不同的需单独设置)
$spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setName('Arial');
$spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setSize(8);
$alignment = $spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getAlignment();
$alignment->setHorizontal(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::HORIZONTAL_CENTER);
$alignment->setVertical(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);

//默认列宽
$objActSheet->getDefaultColumnDimension()->setWidth(15);

//默认行宽
$objActSheet->getDefaultRowDimension()->setRowHeight(20);

//设置宽度
$objActSheet->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);
$objActSheet->getColumnDimension('A')->setWidth(30);

//第10行高度
$objActSheet->getRowDimension('10')->setRowHeight(100);
$objActSheet->getRowDimension('10')->setRowHeight($objActSheet->getDefaultRowDimension()->getRowHeight());

设置单元格缩进

$objActSheet->getStyle('A7')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::HORIZONTAL_LEFT)->setIndent(2);

//日期格式化
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D1', '2018-06-15');

$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D1')
    ->getNumberFormat()
    ->setFormatCode(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat::FORMAT_DATE_YYYYMMDD2);

//设置格式为FORMAT_NUMBER避免某些大数字被使用科学记数方式显示，配合下面的setAutoSize方法可以让每一行的内容
//都按原始内容全部显示出来。
$objStyleA5 = $objActSheet->getStyle('A5');
$objStyleA5->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat::FORMAT_NUMBER_00);

//货币格式化
$objStyleA5->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE);
$objActSheet->getStyle('J11')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode('"¥"#,##0.00');

//设置对齐方式
$objAlignA5=$objStyleA5->getAlignment();
$objAlignA5->setHorizontal(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objAlignA5->setVertical(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);

//设置边框
$objBorderA5=$objStyleA5->getBorders();
$objBorderA5->getTop()->setBorderStyle(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objBorderA5->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FFFF0000');//边框color
$objBorderA5->getBottom()->setBorderStyle(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objBorderA5->getLeft()->setBorderStyle(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objBorderA5->getRight()->setBorderStyle(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THIN);


//从指定的单元格复制样式信息.
$objActSheet->duplicateStyle($objStyleA5,'B1:C22');

设置CELL背景色

//设置字体
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1:I2')->getFont()->setName('Candara');//字体
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSize(20);//大小
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setBold(true);//加粗
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setUnderline(Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE);//下划线
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSuperscript(true);//设置上标
$objActSheet->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSubscript(true);//设置下标

//设置CELL背景色
$objActSheet->getStyle("A1:I2")->getFill()
->setFillType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Fill::FILL_SOLID)
->getStartColor()->setARGB('FFFFFF');

//添加图片
$drawing = new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Worksheet\Drawing();
$drawing->setName('Logo');
$drawing->setDescription('Logo');
$drawing->setPath('./images/officelogo.jpg');
$drawing->setHeight(36);
$drawing->setCoordinates('A1'); /*设置图片要插入的单元格*/
$drawing->setWorksheet($objActSheet);

//显示网格线:
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setShowGridlines(true);

//Add a hyperlink to the sheet 添加链接
$objActSheet->setCellValue('E26', 'www.phpexcel.net');
$objActSheet->getCell('E26')->getHyperlink()->setUrl('http://www.phpexcel.net');
$objActSheet->getCell('E26')->getHyperlink()->setTooltip('Navigate to website');
$objActSheet->getStyle('E26')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);

//Add conditional formatting
$objConditional1 = new PHPExcel_Style_Conditional();
$objConditional1->setConditionType(PHPExcel_Style_Conditional::CONDITION_CELLIS);
$objConditional1->setOperatorType(PHPExcel_Style_Conditional::OPERATOR_LESSTHAN);
$objConditional1->setCondition('0');
$objConditional1->getStyle()->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_RED);
$objConditional1->getStyle()->getFont()->setBold(true);

//Set autofilter 自动过滤
$objActSheet->setAutoFilter('A1:C9');

//设置文档安全 打开需要密码Excel2007生效
$objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setLockWindows(true);
$objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setLockStructure(true);
$objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setWorkbookPassword("PHPExcel");

//设置工作表安全 全部只读
$objActSheet->getProtection()->setPassword('password');//设置保护密码
$objActSheet->getProtection()->setSheet(true);// This should be enabled in order to enable any of the following!
$objActSheet->protectCells('A1:C22');

//Set outline levels
$objActSheet->getColumnDimension('E')->setOutlineLevel(1);
$objActSheet->getColumnDimension('E')->setVisible(false);
$objActSheet->getColumnDimension('E')->setCollapsed(true);

//设置工作表的页面方向和大小
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()
    ->setOrientation(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Worksheet\PageSetup::ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()
    ->setPaperSize(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Worksheet\PageSetup::PAPERSIZE_A4);
	
//页面设置：缩放选项
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setFitToWidth(1);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setFitToHeight(0);

//页边距
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageMargins()->setTop(1);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageMargins()->setRight(0.75);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageMargins()->setLeft(0.75);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageMargins()->setBottom(1);

//指定打印区域
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setPrintArea('A1:E5,G4:M20');

//PhpSpreadsheet可以在页面顶部/左侧重复特定的行/单元格。以下代码是如何在特定工作表的每个打印页面上重复第1至5行的示例
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setRowsToRepeatAtTopByStartAndEnd(1, 5);

在单元格中添加评论

要将注释添加到单元格，请使用以下代码。下面的示例向单元格E11添加注释：

$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
    ->getComment('E11')
    ->setAuthor('Mark Baker');
$commentRichText = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
    ->getComment('E11')
    ->getText()->createTextRun('PhpSpreadsheet:');
$commentRichText->getFont()->setBold(true);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
    ->getComment('E11')
    ->getText()->createTextRun("\r\n");
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
    ->getComment('E11')
    ->getText()->createTextRun('Total amount on the current invoice, excluding VAT.');

单元格部分文字加粗、放大、添加颜色

//创建一个富文本对象
$richText = new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\RichText\RichText();
$richText->createText('铁扇公主');
//需要改变大小或颜色的文字内容
$payable = $richText->createTextRun('芭蕉妹妹');
$payable->getFont()->setBold(true);
$payable->getFont()->setItalic(true);
$payable->getFont()->setColor( new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Color( \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Color::COLOR_DARKGREEN ) );
$richText->createText('牛魔王');
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('A18')->setValue($richText);

//显示隐藏列
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('C')->setVisible(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setVisible(false);
//显示隐藏行
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getRowDimension('10')->setVisible(false);

做软件中难免会遇到数据导入的功能，而数据导入要生成一个模板，模板中有些字段是需要固定那几种的，下拉菜单，就是EXCEL中的数据有效性，简单研究一下，下面把源码贴出来：

$objValidation = $objActSheet->getCell("A1")->getDataValidation(); //这一句为要设置数据有效性的单元格

$objValidation -> setType(PHPExcel_Cell_DataValidation::TYPE_LIST)
           -> setErrorStyle(PHPExcel_Cell_DataValidation::STYLE_INFORMATION)
           -> setAllowBlank(false)
           -> setShowInputMessage(true)
           -> setShowErrorMessage(true)
           -> setShowDropDown(true)
           -> setErrorTitle('输入的值有误')
           -> setError('您输入的值不在下拉框列表内.')
           -> setPromptTitle('设备类型')
           -> setFormula1('"列表项1,列表项2,列表项3"');

列数字与字母的相互转化超过第26个字母Z有bug

print_r(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\Coordinate::columnIndexFromString('D'));//echo 4
echo \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\Coordinate::stringFromColumnIndex(4) //  echo E

//phpexcel默认是没有冻结的，下面是冻结列。定二则定全部
$sheet->freezePane('A1');
$sheet->freezePane('B1');
冻结行
$sheet->freezePane('D1');
$sheet->freezePane('D2');
不能再次定义A,b,c否则列冻结被替代

public function freezePaneByColumnAndRow($pColumn = 0, $pRow = 0){
$this->freezePane(PHPExcel_Cell::stringFromColumnIndex($pColumn) . $pRow);
}
public function unfreezePane() {
$this->freezePane('');
}
$worksheet->setInputEncoding("UTF-8");
//$freeze = $sheet->getFreezePane();

批量设置单元格格式

$styleArray = [
    'font' => [
        'bold' => true,
    ],
    'borders' => [ //上下左右画线
        'allBorders' => ['borderStyle' => \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THIN],
    ],
    'alignment' => [
        'horizontal' => \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::HORIZONTAL_CENTER, //横向居中
        'vertical' => \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER, //纵向居中
        'wrap' => true,  //自动换行
        'indent' => 2,      //缩进2个字符
    ],
    'fill' => [
        'fillType' => \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Fill::FILL_GRADIENT_LINEAR,
        'rotation' => 90,
        'startColor' => [
            'argb' => 'FFA0A0A0',
        ],
        'endColor' => [
            'argb' => 'FFFFFFFF',
        ],
    ],
];
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1:J35')->applyFromArray($styleArray);

设置外边框

$styleArray = [
    'borders' => [
        'outline' => [
            'borderStyle' => \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Border::BORDER_THIN,
            'color' => ['argb' => 'FFFF0000'],
        ],
    ],
];
$objActSheet->getStyle('B2:G8')->applyFromArray($styleArray);

获得公式计算值

$workbook->getActiveSheet()->getCell("G1")->getCalculatedValue();

获得日期的格式化数值

$workbook->getActiveSheet()->getCell("G2")->getFormattedValue();

导出

phpexcel大数据导出,数据追加（19万行，分20个sheet, 1万行是一个sheet,第一次到1个sheet数据，其他数据追加到excel,分19次覆盖对应的sheet）

先用 PhpExcel 建立reader，再load文件，这样打开已经存在的文档，然后再建立writer，将reader中的数据都复制过来，再用 PhpExcel 进行数据修改，再以load的文件名覆盖保存。

$reader = new PHPExcel_Reader_Excel2007;
$workbook = $reader->load("document.xlsx");
$workbook->getActiveSheet()->getSecurity()->setWorkbookPassword("your password");

$workbook->getActiveSheet()->getCell("D1")->getValue();

$workbook->getActiveSheet()->setCellValueByColumnAndRow(1, 5, 'PhpSpreadsheet');//A5的值
$cellValue = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCellByColumnAndRow(1, 5)->getValue();//第2列，第5行，B5

方法二，分批导出，导出多个文件,通过程序将所有文件加入压缩包

使用phpspreadsheet进行导出excel的时候遇到了内存溢出的问题，官方提供了memory saving的解决方案，官方文档中提供了APC、redis和memcache的缓存方案。

//关闭公式计算预处理
$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->setPreCalculateFormulas(false);

phpspreadsheet切割excel大文件导入

// 示例
$inputFileType = 'Xls';
$inputFileName = './sampleData/example2.xls';

/**  Define a Read Filter class implementing \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Reader\IReadFilter  */
class ChunkReadFilter implements \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Reader\IReadFilter
{
    private $startRow = 0;
    private $endRow   = 0;

    /**  Set the list of rows that we want to read  */
    public function setRows($startRow, $chunkSize) {
        $this->startRow = $startRow;
        $this->endRow   = $startRow + $chunkSize;
    }

    public function readCell($column, $row, $worksheetName = '') {
        //  Only read the heading row, and the configured rows
        if (($row == 1) || ($row >= $this->startRow && $row < $this->endRow)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

/**  Create a new Reader of the type defined in $inputFileType  **/
$reader = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createReader($inputFileType);

/**  Define how many rows we want to read for each "chunk"  **/
$chunkSize = 2048;
/**  Create a new Instance of our Read Filter  **/
$chunkFilter = new ChunkReadFilter();

/**  Tell the Reader that we want to use the Read Filter  **/
$reader->setReadFilter($chunkFilter);

/**  Loop to read our worksheet in "chunk size" blocks  **/
for ($startRow = 2; $startRow <= 65536; $startRow += $chunkSize) {
    /**  Tell the Read Filter which rows we want this iteration  **/
    $chunkFilter->setRows($startRow,$chunkSize);
    /**  Load only the rows that match our filter  **/
    $spreadsheet = $reader->load($inputFileName);
    //    Do some processing here
}

读取CSV内容

$reader = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createReader("Csv");
$reader->setReadDataOnly(true);
$spreadsheet = $reader->load("/mnt/d/文档/test.csv");
$data = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->toArray();
$headers = array_shift($data); //剔除表头

读取XLSX内容

$objReader = IOFactory::createReader('Xlsx');
$objReader->setReadDataOnly(TRUE);
$filename = $_FILES['inputExcelclass']['tmp_name'];
$objPHPExcel = $objReader->load($filename);  //$filename可以是上传的表格，或者是指定的表格
$sheet = $objPHPExcel->getSheet(0);   //excel中的第一张sheet
$highestRow = $sheet->getHighestRow();       // 取得总行数
$highestColumn = $sheet->getHighestColumn();   // 取得总列数
for ($j = 2; $j <= $highestRow; $j++) {
    $data[$j - 2] = [
        'title' => trim($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("A" . $j)->getValue()),
        'content' => trim($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("B" . $j)->getValue()),
        'prices' => trim($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("C" . $j)->getValue()),
        'create_time' => ($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("D" . $j)->getValue()-25569)*24*60*60,
        'end_time' => ($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("E" . $j)->getValue()-25569)*24*60*60,
    ];
}

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