Centos7下搭建MySQL高可用架构(互为主从)

1、环境介绍

192.168.31.14 A机器
192.168.31.82 B机器
192.168.31.200 vip（A主B从）

2、安装mysql
2.1、创建配置文件：vi mysql.cnf

[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir=/home/data/server/mysql
datadir=/home/data/server/mysql/data
max_connections=1000
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=20M
sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
skip-grant-tables=1
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

2.2、创建安装文件：vi mysql.sh

wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /home/data/server/
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
cp mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /home/data/server/
cp mysql.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cd /home/data/server/
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
rm -rf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
cd mysql
mkdir data
chown -R mysql /home/data/server/mysql/
chgrp -R mysql /home/data/server/mysql/
cd /home/data/server/mysql/bin
yum install -y libaio-devel.x86_64 numactl
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/home/data/server/mysql/ --datadir=/home/data/server/mysql/data/
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/
cd /home/data/server/mysql/support-files/
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
yum install initscripts -y
service mysql start
chkconfig --add mysql
cd /home/data/server/mysql/bin
./mysql -u root <<EOF
flush privileges;
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
USE mysql;
DELETE FROM user WHERE User="root" and Host="localhost";
flush privileges;
exit
EOF
sed -i 's/skip-grant-tables=1/# skip-grant-tables=1/g' /etc/my.cnf
service mysql restart

2.3、执行安装脚本

chmod +x mysql.sh
./mysql.sh

3、配置双主
3.1、A节点增加以下配置：vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
auto-increment-increment=2 
auto-increment-offset=1
log-slave-updates=1

3.2、B节点增加以下配置：vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
auto-increment-increment=2 
auto-increment-offset=2
log-slave-updates=1

3.3、重启生效(AB都执行)

service mysql restart

3.4、查看master状态

A节点-->：
mysql> show master status; 
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set
B节点-->：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set

3.5、配置主从

A执行-->：
mysql>stop slave;
    mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.31.82',master_port=3306,master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;
    mysql>start slave; 
B执行-->：
mysql>stop slave;
    mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.31.14',master_port=3306,master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;
    mysql>start slave; 

3.6、验证是否成功(AB分别执行)

mysql> show slave status;
  当这个参数都为yes时，证明主从复制成功
  Slave_IO_Running: Yes   Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 
  此时，在AB节点都可以增加数据且都能复制到另一个节点

4、安装keepalived

yum install -y keepalived

5、配置keepalived.conf

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

（1）主节点A

global_defs
{
router_id master_14
}
vrrp_script chk_mysql_port {  
        script "</dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/3306"  
        interval 1  
        weight -2  
}
vrrp_instance mysql {
state MASTER
interface ens33    #这个要和本机网卡名字一样
virtual_router_id 100    #这个数值 master和slave必须统一
priority 100     #这个数值决定哪台服务器是master 
advert_int 1
authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.31.200
}
track_script {
        chk_mysql_port  
}
}

（2）从节点B

global_defs
{
router_id slave_82
}
vrrp_script chk_mysql_port {  
        script "</dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/3306"  
        interval 1  
        weight -2  
}
vrrp_instance mysql {
state BACKUP
interface ens33    #这个要和本机网卡名字一样
virtual_router_id 100    #这个数值 master和slave必须统一
priority 100     #这个数值决定哪台服务器是master 这里我们比master数值低，所以角色是backup，
advert_int 1
authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.31.200
}
track_script {
        chk_mysql_port  
}
}

6、启动keepalived

systemctl start keepalived
systemctl enable keepalived

参考资料：
https://xuxile.blog.csdn.net/article/details/52313640
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44866424/article/details/120151293