django 中 manage.py通常使用的各种命令大全（包含django 安装指导及测试）

D:\DJCODE\TESTADMIN
|   manage.py
|
\---testadmin
        settings.py
        urls.py
        wsgi.py
        __init__.py  

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
        'NAME': 'django',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        # The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': '911027',
        'HOST': '',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default.
    }
}  

python manage.py startapp book  

from django.db import models
class Publisher(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=60)
    state_province = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    website = models.URLField()
class Author(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=40)
    email = models.EmailField()  

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'book',#添加这一项，和前面那章不同，前面的是books，注意别搞错了
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # 'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
)  

D:\Djcode\testadmin>python manage.py validate
0 errors found  

D:\Djcode\testadmin>python manage.py syncdb
Creating tables ...
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table django_site
Creating table book_publisher
Creating table book_author

You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superuse
rs defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no):   

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    'django.contrib.admindocs',  

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
from django.contrib import admin#将注释取消
admin.autodiscover()#将注释取消

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
    # url(r'^$', 'testadmin.views.home', name='home'),
    # url(r'^testadmin/', include('testadmin.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),#将注释取消

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),#将注释取消
)  

from django.contrib import admin
from book.models import Publisher, Author #这里需要特别注意，此处是book而不要因为看到别的书写成mysite.book
admin.site.register(Publisher)
admin.site.register(Author)  

1. 创建一个Django Project

2. 启动刚刚创建的Project

进入mysite目录，并运行python manage.py runserver命令。默认情况下runserver的启动端口是8000，如果需要更改端口号，可以将其以参数的形式传进去

3. 启动交互式的命令模式

通常需要测试一些简单的Django代码，这时就可以使用这种交互式的shell来完成

4. 创建Django App

5. 校验Model的有效性

通常为了连接数据库，我们需要创建与数据库表相对应的Model，当Model创建好之后可以使用下面的命令来校验Model的有效性

如果看到了如下的输出信息，表示你的Model没有问题

0 errors found

6. 生成SQL schema

确认Model没有问题时候，Django为我们提供了一个工具帮助生成创建数据库的schema

这个命令可以将创建Table的shema输出到命令行，但是不能将其同步创建到数据库，为了将其同步到数据库中，Django也为我们考虑到了

7. 同步Model到数据库