slf4j Failed to load class “org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder“ 错误 源码解析

基本描述

slf4j 是日志的api 门面模式，引入slf4j-api就行，但是打印不出日志的，因为没有具体的实现类。

logback实现包 :

       <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.6</version>
        </dependency>

log4j 实现包 :

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>  
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>  
    <version>1.7.2</version>  
</dependency>  

slf4j是怎么找到实现类的

• 通过StaticLoggerBinder 来获取ILoggerFactory
• StaticLoggerBinder类是sf4j-api没有的，需要实现类的jar包提供，并且包名是org.slf4j.impl
• 如果没有实现包，就找不到StaticLoggerBinder类了，就报slf4j Failed to load class “org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder”
• 如果有多个实现包，pom依赖谁在前面，就先找到谁的。

相关源码

Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger("aa");

// 获取Logger
public static Logger getLogger(String name) {
        ILoggerFactory iLoggerFactory = getILoggerFactory();
        return iLoggerFactory.getLogger(name);
    }
    
//获取工厂类
 public static ILoggerFactory getILoggerFactory() {
        if (INITIALIZATION_STATE == UNINITIALIZED) {
            synchronized (LoggerFactory.class) {
                if (INITIALIZATION_STATE == UNINITIALIZED) {
                    INITIALIZATION_STATE = ONGOING_INITIALIZATION;
                    //初始化
                    performInitialization();
                }
            }
        }
        switch (INITIALIZATION_STATE) {
        case SUCCESSFUL_INITIALIZATION:
            return StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactory();
        case NOP_FALLBACK_INITIALIZATION:
            return NOP_FALLBACK_FACTORY;
        case FAILED_INITIALIZATION:
            throw new IllegalStateException(UNSUCCESSFUL_INIT_MSG);
        case ONGOING_INITIALIZATION:
            // support re-entrant behavior.
            // See also http://jira.qos.ch/browse/SLF4J-97
            //默认的工厂，实际上是走不到这逻辑
            return SUBST_FACTORY;
        }
        throw new IllegalStateException("Unreachable code");
    }

//平台初始化
private final static void performInitialization() {
        bind();
        if (INITIALIZATION_STATE == SUCCESSFUL_INITIALIZATION) {
            versionSanityCheck();
        }
    }
    
//绑定具体的slf4j的实现
private final static void bind() {
        try {
            Set<URL> staticLoggerBinderPathSet = null;
            // skip check under android, see also
            // http://jira.qos.ch/browse/SLF4J-328
            if (!isAndroid()) {
                staticLoggerBinderPathSet = findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet();
                reportMultipleBindingAmbiguity(staticLoggerBinderPathSet);
            }
            // the next line does the binding
            //StaticLoggerBinder类是sf4j-api没有的，需要实现类的jar包提供，并且包名是org.slf4j.impl
            StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton();
            INITIALIZATION_STATE = SUCCESSFUL_INITIALIZATION;
            reportActualBinding(staticLoggerBinderPathSet);
            fixSubstituteLoggers();
            replayEvents();
            // release all resources in SUBST_FACTORY
            SUBST_FACTORY.clear();
        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError ncde) {
            String msg = ncde.getMessage();
            if (messageContainsOrgSlf4jImplStaticLoggerBinder(msg)) {
                INITIALIZATION_STATE = NOP_FALLBACK_INITIALIZATION;
                Util.report("Failed to load class \"org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder\".");
                Util.report("Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation");
                Util.report("See " + NO_STATICLOGGERBINDER_URL + " for further details.");
            } else {
                failedBinding(ncde);
                throw ncde;
            }
        } catch (java.lang.NoSuchMethodError nsme) {
            String msg = nsme.getMessage();
            if (msg != null && msg.contains("org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton()")) {
                INITIALIZATION_STATE = FAILED_INITIALIZATION;
                Util.report("slf4j-api 1.6.x (or later) is incompatible with this binding.");
                Util.report("Your binding is version 1.5.5 or earlier.");
                Util.report("Upgrade your binding to version 1.6.x.");
            }
            throw nsme;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            failedBinding(e);
            throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected initialization failure", e);
        }
    }